data envelopment analysis (dea) is a technique for measuring the efficiency of decision making units. in all models of the dea, for each unit under assessment, the numerical efficiency is obtained which may be less than or equal to one. given the possible large number of functional units, we use various ranking methods for evaluating units. one of the rating methods is balance index and topsis....

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a technique for measuring the efficiency of decision making units. in all models of the dea, for each unit under assessment, the numerical efficiency is obtained which may be less than or equal to one. given the possible large number of functional units, we use various ranking methods for evaluating units. one of the rating methods is balance index and topsis....

BACKGROUND Research suggests that women of reproductive age who are involved in household decision-making are more likely than those who are not involved to be able to control their fertility. Little is known, however, about this relationship among women at the upper end of the reproductive spectrum. The aim of this study was to determine the association between household decision-making power ...

BACKGROUND In Malaysia, contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) during past three decades has been steady, with only 34% of women practicing modern contraception. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with modern contraceptive practices with a focus on spousal communication and perceived social support among married women working in the university. MATERIALS AND METHODS A ...

As one of the newest members in Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), the Dendritic Cell Algorithm (DCA) has been applied to a range of problems. These applications mainly belong to the field of anomaly detection. However, real-time detection, a new challenge to anomaly detection, requires improvement on the real-time capability of the DCA. To assess such capability, formal methods in the research o...

A set of validated numerical integration methods based on explicit and implicit Runge-Kutta schemes is presented to solve, in a guaranteed way, initial value problems of ordinary differential equations. Runge-Kutta methods are well-known to have strong stability properties, which make them appealing to be the basis of validated numerical integration methods. A new approach to bound the local tr...