We previously reported that soymorphins, mu-opioid agonist peptides derived from soy beta-conglycinin beta-subunit, have anxiolytic-like activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soymorphins on food intake and gut motility, along with their mechanism. We found that soymorphins decreases food intake after oral administration in fasted mice. Orally administered soymorphins...

Wan Saudi, W. S. 2015. Role of Melatonin, Neuropeptide S and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Regulation of Duodenal Mucosal Barrier Function and Motility. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1144. 89 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9369-1. The duodenal epithelium is regularly exposed to HCl, digestive enzymes, bacteria an...

There has been no previous demonstration of opioid tolerance and dependence with respect to the propulsive and contractile activities of the gut in vivo. In the experiments described herein, morphine was administered continuously (1 mg/kg/hr s.c., 72 hr) and/or by bolus injection (2 mg/kg) and intestinal motility and transit were evaluated in unanesthetized rats. Tolerance in intestinal motilit...

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen responsible for causing a toxin-mediated profuse diarrhea in humans, leading to severe dehydration and death in unattended patients. With increasing reports of antibiotic resistance in V. cholerae, there is a need for alternate interventional strategies for controlling cholera. A potential new strategy for treating infectious diseases involves targeting...

Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymicrobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO). SIBO is defined...

ALTHOUGH the dynamic state of the intestinal musculature was well appreciated by Bayliss and Starling at the end of the last century, subsequent progress in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling intestinal motility has been disappoifitingly slow. Progress has been delayed by a confused nomenclature. The terms 'motility', ' peristalsis' and 'tone' are often used indiscriminately and wi...

The objective of the present study was to assess intestinal permeability in patients with infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. Twenty-six patients (16 women and 10 men), mean age 45.9, with a diagnosis of strongyloidiasis were evaluated. For comparison, 25 healthy volunteers (18 women and 7 men), mean age 44.9, without digestive disorders or intestinal parasites served as normal contr...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The increasing use of probiotics in neonates deserves scrutiny of the therapeutic as well as potentially harmful effects of these bacteria. In this review we describe the possible application of probiotics in the more common diseases in the neonatal period. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in our capability to identify microbes and their function in the gastrointestinal tract...

Intestinal dysmotility is a major problem in critically ill patients. This report describes the successful treatment of intestinal dysmotility with rhubarb as a laxative in six critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. Bowel movement and defecation occurred in all patients an average of 1.8 days after the administration of powdered rhubarb. In 4 patients who also had gastric reflux, th...

Three cases are described of end stage chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction successfully treated by subtotal enterectomy and home parenteral nutrition (HPN). In all three patients prior use of drugs to stimulate gastrointestinal motility, antibiotics to suppress bacterial overgrowth and surgical bypass of dilated bowel had failed to alleviate the symptoms of chronic intestinal obstruction. Sim...