the networked control system in modern control widely uses to decrease the implementation cost and increasing the performance. ncs in addition to its advantages is inevitable. nevertheless they suffer of some limitations and deficiencies. packet loss is one of the main limitations which affect the control system in different conditions and finally may lead to system instability. for this reason...

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to investigate evidence for a connective tissue pulley constraining the path of the inferior oblique (IO) muscle. METHODS From magnetic resonance images, the cross-sectional area, path, and orbital relationships of the human IO were determined in multiple gaze positions. Rectus pulleys were directly imaged with intravenous gadodiamide contrast. Images were co...

A neural theory is proposed in which visual search is accomplished by perceptual grouping and segregation, which occurs simultaneous across the visual field, and object recognition, which is restricted to a selected region of the field. The theory offers an alternative hypothesis io recently developed variations on Feature Integration Theory (Treisman, and Sato, 1991) and Guided Search Model (W...

To characterize the organization and plasticity of the trigeminal reflex blink circuit, we interacted blink-evoking supraorbital (SO) and infraorbital (IO) nerve stimuli in alert rats. Stimulation of either trigeminal branch produced a short-lasting inhibition followed by a longer-lasting facilitation of blinks evoked by stimulating the other nerve. When IO stimulation evoked a smaller blink th...

The inferior olivary nucleus (IO) forms the gateway to the cerebellar cortex and receives feedback information from the cerebellar nuclei (CN), thereby occupying a central position in the olivo-cerebellar loop. Here, we investigated the feedback input from the CN to the IO in vivo in mice using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. This approach allows us to study how the CN-feedback input is i...

The critical maturation time of central otolith neurons in processing spatial orientations was examined in Sprague-Dawley rats. With the use of immuno-hybridization histochemical methods, we observed c-fos expression in vestibular nuclear neurons responding to transverse movement on the horizontal plane as early as P7 and those to antero-posterior stimulation as early as P9. In the inferior oli...

For programmers, Monads are a well-known way to represent an abstract data structure, but without knowing its true nature. Admittedly, the definition of Monads in Category Theory is too subtle and obscure so makes people to avoid from trying to understand them. In this paper, we attempt to explore popular Monads in a purely functional programming language, Haskell, with a Category-theoretic min...