A total eclipse occurred on 11 August 1999 with its path of totality passing over central Europe in the latitude range 40–50 N. The ionospheric responses to this eclipse were measured by a wide ionosonde network. On the basis of the measurements of foE, foF1, and foF2 at sixteen ionosonde stations in Europe, we statistically analyze the variations of these parameters with a function of eclipse ...

Observations are presented of the polar ionosphere under steady, northward IMF. The measurements, made by six complementary experimental techniques, including radio tomography, all-sky and meridian scanning photometer optical imaging, incoherent and coherent scatter radars and satellite particle detection, reveal plasma parameters consistent with ionospheric signatures of lobe reconnection. The...

[1] Recent studies showed that, regardless of the orientation of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), ULF wave activity in the solar wind can substantially enhance the convection in the high latitude ionosphere, suggesting that ULF fluctuations may also be an important contributor to the coupling of the solar wind to the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system. We conduct a statistical study to und...

The International Reference Ionosphere model 2001 (IRI-2001) is one of the most comprehensive empirical models of the ionosphere and has been widely used to estimate the electron density profiles in the altitude ranging from about 60 to 2000 km and the total electron content (TEC) at any given location, time and date, which reflect smooth-average global ionospheric behaviors. However, whether i...

The reflection of Alfvén waves from the ionosphere plays a crucial role because the reflected wave can reduce or enhance the electric field pattern of the incident wave. The ionosphere is typically treated as a conducting surface, which has a height integrated Pederson conductivity. This approximation is appropriate in considering the reflection of Alfvén waves because the wavelengths along the...

This research investigates the feasibility of applying the code and the ionosphere-free code and phase delay observables for single frequency Precise Point Positioning (PPP) processing. Two observation models were studied: the single frequency ionosphere-free code and phase delay, termed the quasi-phase observable, and the code and quasi-phase combination. When implementing the code and quasi-p...