Evolving e-commerce technologies increasingly enable organisations to participate in different types of network forms or in electronic markets with previously unidentified trading partners. Virtual organisations (VO) take different forms, have varying lifecycles and involve different scope and depth of relationships. This paper examines the literature in terms of the terminology of virtual orga...

Participating in electronic markets and conducting business online inadvertedly involves the decision to trust other participants. In this paper we consider trust as a concept that self-interested agents populating an electronic marketplace can use to take decisions on who they are going to transact with. We are interested in looking at the effects that trust and its attributes as well as trust...

Previous research suggested that the performance of interorganisational processes can be influenced by eight factors: stakeholders, competition, information technology, market network design, perceived risk, process design, information, and trust. This paper specifically focuses on the consequences of market network redesign for interorganisational processes. A distinction is made between trans...

Though auctions show a prevailing dominance in electronic markets, our understanding of how auctions affect human behaviour is still rather limited. In this paper we analyse the impact of emotional processes on the decision making of human agents in electronic auctions. The analysis is based on a physio-economic study, in which human agents take part in a Dutch auction experiment, while their p...

This chapter explores the private and social desirability of information transparency of a business-to-business (B2B) electronic market that provides an online platform for information transmission. The abundance of transaction data available on the Internet tends to make information more transparent in B2B electronic markets. In such a transparent environment, it becomes easier for firms to ob...

This paper takes the view that providers of electronic markets are to be considered as economic actors in a strategic game played with potential buyers and sellers. The crucial assumption clearly concerns the choice of instruments that a market provider is considered to have at hand. Contrary to large parts of mainstream economic theory, which assume a simple perfect auction market setting guar...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to assess and compare the quantity and quality of Iranian and Turkish researchers working in the field of Parasitology from bibliometric point of view. METHODS To assess the contributions and achievements of the Iranian and Turkish parasitologists, bibliometric analysis was carried out based on the citation data retrieved from Web of Science. RESULTS The a...

In this research, alpha-emitter concentrations of 222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U in Iranian, Turkish, Egyptian, Saudi Arabian, Iraqi canned cheeses that are available markets were measured using the CR-39 detector. Also, health risk parameters associated with ingestion radionuclides, such as annual average internal effective dose (AAIED) an excess cancer fatality per million persons (RECFPMP), calculat...

The business environment has become complicated—full of risk and uncertainty over above companies’ control— therefore companies must find mechanisms to enhance their performance in the light this instability. Iranian market is one best examples unstable markets because its political economic circumstances; despite this, pharmaceutical industry Iran considered industries, which still working eff...

: Heavy metals cause significant issues when people are exposed to many specific types of them. They can disorders and affect the biochemical pathways in body. Herbs known as one richest sources modern patented drugs, particularly Iranian references. Many metals, heavy toxic. Various studies have shown a higher level than standards some countries like Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, Nigeria. A prelimina...