On October 6, 2020, the Court of Justice European Union (CJEU) handed down its judgment in Commission v. Hungary . It found that had violated General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS), as well internal law—specifically EU Charter Fundamental Rights (EU Charter). The case arose out Hungary's 2017 amendment to higher education law. imposed two novel requirements foreign universities operating Hu...

1. The Principle of Self-Determination Towards the end of the first world war, a “principle of self-determination” was proposed as a foundation for international order. In the words of its chief advocate, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, it specified that the “settlement of every question, whether of territory, of sovereignty, of economic arrangement, or of political relationship” is to be made “...

Abstract Within a specific institutional context and through dedicated human resources structures, the European Parliament is developing rights principles highlighted in UNCRPD, Charter of Fundamental Rights, Staff Regulations set internal high-level documents way to change organisational culture build an inclusive workplace. not only willing abide by international conventions EU strategic docu...

The attention given to bioethics and biolaw has grown throughout the decades in framework of European Union, since first steps were taken field medical products, with adoption Council Directive 65/65/EEC. Moving from EU Treaties, which provide legal bases for biorights as well some potentially competing principles interests, four freedoms, this study adopts a human rights-based approach assesse...

Abstract In 2019, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights adopted General Comment No 5 Charter Rights: The Right to Freedom of Movement Residence (Article 12(1)). this general comment, commission elaborated right freedom movement residence within state borders. This issue, while explicit in international human rights law, is a challenge various jurisdictions, including Africa. artic...

BACKGROUND Considering the effect of human right observance on patients' satisfaction from the treatment process, in Iran the Patient Rights Charter (PRC) was developed by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) in 2001 and enforced to all hospitals across the country. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate patients' awareness of their rights based on PRC in two tertiary ...

There has been a recent shift in the field of sexual health, representing a move away from biomedical concerns to sexual rights frameworks. However, few studies on sexuality are based on a rights framework. The unspoken nature of sexuality in Iranian culture has led to a lack of national studies on the topic. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of married ...