Studying the history of science could help develop an understanding of the contributions made by ancient nations towards scientific advances. Although Iranians had an important impact on the improvement of science, the history of Iranian medicine seems not to have been given enough attention by historians. The present study focused on the history of anesthesia and pain management in Iranian med...

There is large variation in the molecular genetics and clinical features of hemoglobinopathies in Iran. Studying structural variants of hemoglobin demonstrated that the β-chain variants of hemoglobin S and D-Punjab are more prevalent in the Fars (southwestern Iran) and Kermanshah (western Iran) provinces, respectively. Also, α-chain variants of Hb Q-Iran and Hb Setif are prevalent in western Ir...

Background: Adherence to medications is crucial for them be effective. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) an ancient medical discipline originated from old Persia and currently used along with modern medicine in Iran. Evaluating the factors affecting adherence TPM can have far-reaching implications policymakers make informed decisions. Objectives: This qualitative study investigates tendency am...

This article is a presentation of teaching, research and outreach project the design geotour‑ ism route in heritage centre Porto Nacional‑TO. The designed from practical perspective possibilities for tourism old city centre. knock‑on effects re‑interpretation are also considered municipality with roadmap to structure planning development contextualising how can evolve within urban space Naciona...

Objectives: The Dental Subscale of the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS) is extensively used to assess the level of child dental anxiety. The present study aimed to explore the higher-order factor structure of the parental Chinese version of the CFSS-DS with a large sample of young children in Taiwan. Design: The parental CFSS-DS was used as a screening tool to survey the dental anxiety...

structure and function of socio – economic systems present different spatial effects in different countries of the world. in this study, structure and function of social and economical systems is analyzed to identify of changes within urban spatial structure. in tehran, effects of political and economic factor is analyzed for identification of changes of its spatial structure and its periphery ...

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