* Updated by the Committee on Standards and Practice Parameters, Jeffrey L. Apfelbaum, M.D. (Committee Chair), Chicago, Illinois; Jeffrey H. Silverstein, M.D. (Task Force Chair), New York, New York; Richard T. Connis, Ph.D., Woodinville, Washington; and David G. Nickinovich, Ph.D., Bellevue, Washington. The previous update was developed by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on...
