The year 2014 marks the point when silicon solar cells surpassed 25% efficiency mark. Since then, all devices exceeding this mark, both small and large area, with contacts on sides of wafer or just at back, have utilized least one passivating contact. Here, a contact is defined as group layers that simultaneously provide selective conduction charge carriers effective passivation surface. widesp...

Silicon Carbide, SiC is one of the most widely used materials that plays a critical role in industries such as: aerospace, electronics, industrial furnaces and wear-resistant mechanical parts among others. Although electronics other high technology applications, metallurgical, abrasive, refractory are dominate by volume. It only last five or six years has gained new important semiconductor indu...

Most live audio/video services deliver information which is produced just-in-time; thus, the deployment of these services is very challenging: there is never a second chance to broadcast the contents. Therefore, aspects such as the selection of the most suitable architecture or the impact of the underlying network technology need to be carefully studied. This chapter presents an evaluation of d...

Teachers often learn technology skills and integration strategies in intensive seminars, ineffective means for professional learning because experiences are seldom transferred to instructional practices. Thus, effective technology integration requires teachers to obtain learning experiences within the context of their teaching so they can practice, reflect, and mod#fy their practices. Learning ...

Everyone learns the basics of friction in high-school physics classes: the friction force experienced by a sliding object is proportional to the normal force that an object exerts on a surface. Remarkably, this extremely simple and empirical relation, known as Amontons’ Law, is still often used in creating the most technologically sophisticated machines and devices, even though friction is know...

This communication deals with a theoretical study of the hot spot onset (HSO) in cellular bipolar power transistors. This well-known phenomenon consists of a current crowding within few cells occurring for high power conditions, which significantly decreases the forward safe operating area (FSOA) of the device. The study was performed on a virtual sample by means of a fast, fully analytical ele...

In this study, some metals (aluminium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, lead, zinc and vanadium) and metalloid (silicon) were determined in water, sediment and some tissues of fish Cyprinus carpio from Mogan Lake. Fish samples were caught in March 2007. As a result of the examination of metals in the water aluminium has the lowest and silicon has the highest concentration. In sediment samples...

I is common for a retailer to sell products from competing manufacturers. How then should the firms manage their contract negotiations? The supply chain coordination literature focuses either on a single manufacturer selling to a single retailer or one manufacturer selling to many (possibly competing) retailers. We find that some key conclusions from those market structures do not apply in our ...

Graphene has a vast potential for integrated devices, promising to greatly advance the goal of ultimate system miniaturization thanks to the unique combination of its atomic thinness with its praised extraordinary functionalities such as electrical and thermal conduction, optical transparency, plasmonic response, mechanical robustness, and capacity for storing ions, just to name a few. However,...