objectives: different chelators may be used during root canal treatment, offering various advantages including lubricant effect inside the canal and smear layer removal. however, chelator residues in narrow root canals can lead to apical microleakage. the aim of this in-vitro study was to compare apical microleakage following the use of three root canal chelators via fluid filtration method in ...

introduction: in the present study, the effects of oral morphine consumption in pregnant female rats on the amygdaloid complex development in the embryos were investigated. methods: female wistar rats weighing 250-300 g (n=15) were divided into control (n = 8) and experimental groups (n = 7). the experimental group received morphine (0.05 mg/ml) in their tap water. on the 19th day of pregnancy,...

introduction: previous studies have shown that stimulation of lateral hypothalamus (lh) produces antinociception. orexin-a (oxa) receptor is strongly expressed in the nucleus locus coeruleus (lc) and orexinergic fibers densely project from lh to lc. in this study, we assessed the role of lc and its oxa receptors in antinociceptive response induced by lh chemical stimulation in the rat. methods:...

introduction: fennel is rich in phytoestrogens and is used for estrogen deficiency disorders. estrogens affect anxiety through neurochemical systems such as gaba-a receptors. in this study the effects of fennel on gaba-a and estrogen receptors in anxiety were investigated. methods: adult female wistar rats weighing (180±20 g) were divided into 8 groups. groups received saline, fennel (200, 500,...

The electrochemical behavior of 1-ferrocenylmethyl-3-(methyl)-imidazolium iodide (or mesityl) imidazolium was studied by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode in midiums organic to determine the influences electronic group on ferrocene. experimental results indicated that redox reaction reversible. Mass transport towards is a simple diffusion process and coefficient (D) for couple has b...

Ceramo-metal dental casting alloys are used for crowns and fixed partial dentures (bridges). Ni-Cr and Co-Cr are base ceramo-metal dental casting alloys and now account for the majority of the fixed metalceramic restorations used clinically. The corrosion of these alloys result in release of elemental components with potential adverse biological reactions. It is of great importance to investiga...