introduction: kisspeptin-13 (kp-13) is a novel endogenous factor, increases synaptic transmission and is involved in several behavioral functions such as anxiety, locomotion, epilepsy and avoidance learning. however, the role of this peptide on cognition has not been well clarified yet. here we studied the effect of kisspeptin-13 pretreatment on spatial learning and also interaction with cholin...

introduction: dopamine plays an important role in the central nervous system for modulating food intake. dopamine receptors are distributed within the hypothalamus, and expression of d1 receptors is significant in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (pvn). therefore, the aim of this study was to find if pvn-microinjected skf38393, d1 receptor agonist, may modulate food intake. methods: guide c...

introduction: aggressive behavior is a major issue in the field of mental health. pharmacotherapy is often used for the treatment of violent individuals. a neurochemical system most consistently linked with aggression is the gabaergic system. the aim of the present investigation was to examine the effect of muscimol (gabaa agonist) 250 and 500 ng/rat and picrotoxin (gabaa antagonist) 1.5 and 3 ...

introduction: herbal medicine and medical plants such as ziziphus vulgaris l. are widely used for treatment of diseases such as diabetes mellitus. in the present study, we have investigated effects of alcoholic extracts of z. vulgaris fruit on serum glucose, triglycerides, ldl, hdl and activities of aminotransferase enzymes in streptozocin (stz)- induced diabetic adult male rats. methods: herba...

introduction: it appears that some risk factors for coronary heart diseases (chd) initiate their influence in the childhood period and their clinical complications start to take effect in adulthood. it is possible that adolescent active or sedentary boys, have other inflammatory silent risk factors of chd, in addition to routine risk factors such as lipid profile. however, the scientific data a...

low birth weight ( lbw, birth weight<2500g) is a significant health problem of children. many studies have made it apparent that there is a direct relationship between low birth weight and infant motality. one of the most important measurements to prevent children morbidity is growth monitoring and the present study was set up to compare the growth indexes of 2 year old children born with low w...

In this study, the immobilization of xylanase using a protein-inorganic hybrid nanoflower system, was assessed to improve the enzyme properties. The synthesis of hybrid xylanase nanoflowers was very effective at 4°C for 72 h, using 0.25 mg/mL protein, and efficient immobilization of xylanase was observed with a maximum encapsulation yield and relative activity of 78.5% and 148%, respectively. I...

The present study reports the production of high-level cellulase-free xylanase from Penicillium citrinum isolate HZN13. The variability in xylanase titers was assessed under both solid-state (SSF) and submerged (SmF) fermentation. SSF was initially optimized with different agro-waste residues, among them sweet sorghum bagasse was found to be the best substrate that favored maximum xylanase prod...

BACKGROUND Xylanase is an important component of hemicellulase enzyme system. Since it plays an important role in the hydrolysis of hemicellulose into xylooligosaccharides (XOs), high thermostable xylanase has been the focus of much recent attention as powerful enzyme as well as in the field of biomass utilization. RESULTS A xylanase gene (xyn10A) with 3,474 bp was cloned from the extremely t...