unreliability of financial statements in iran has urged this country’s financial services industry management to manipulate practices by which they could gain reliable risk scores for borrowers. this research extracts the most influential qualitative factors that would impact the default of a business relationship borrower. solicitation of the factors is done through delphi methodology. the mea...

The literature on judgment aggregation has now been moving from studying impossibility results regarding aggregation rules towards studying specific judgment aggregation rules. Here we focus on a family of rules that is the natural counterpart of the family of Condorcetconsistent voting rules: majority-preserving judgment aggregation rules. A judgment aggregation rule is majority-preserving if ...

In March 2009, Trial Chamber I of the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL) issued its judgment in Prosecutor v. Issa Hassan Sesay, Morris Kallon and Augustine Gbao, known as the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) case.1 The SCSL rendered the appeals judgment a short time later on October 26, 2009.2 The trial and appeals judgments in the RUF case were highly anticipated because the atrocities of ...

Abstract This essay argues that a defining characteristic of modern law – the distinctive way in which it judges its addressees will disappear. After sketching nature law's judgment, I show is part broader regulatory paradigm (rule or East Coast regulation) itself being superseded. Technological management alternative and examine rise salience, showing how might, combination with advent ubiquit...

This paper presents an approach to default reasoning based on an extension to classical first-order logic. In this approach, first -order logic is augmented with a “variable conditional” operator for representing default statements. Truth in the resulting logic is based on a possible worlds semantics: the default statement C-P is true just when p is true in the least exceptional worlds in which...

Following the approach [Schwind, Risch, 91] to Reiter’s default logic, tiffs paper attempts to define a general tableaux-based framework for tt~c cornlmtation of tile extensions for several known default k)gics. The idea is to qualify the differences b(;twecn the wlriants under considcration inside a single process that can switcil easily from one variant to another. Indeed, the approach is rel...

Financial instruments traded in the market, very often, are subject to default risk. It is well known that the default risks of different instruments are dependent on each other. In this paper, we consider a portfolio selection problem where assets are exposed to dependent default risk. Two different models are proposed to model the default mechanism: the Threshold Model and the Independence Mo...

This paper presents a probabilistic analysis of plausible reasoning about defaults and about likelihood. "Likely" and "by default" are in fact treated as duals in the same sense as _possibility" and "necessity". To model these four forms probabilistically, a logic QDP and its quantitative counterpart DP are derived that allow qualitative and corresponding quantitative reasoning. Consistency and...

Several attempts to define formal logic5 for some type of default reasoning have been made. All of these logics share the property that in any given state, a proposition p is either held to be true, it is held to be false, or no belief about it is held. But, if we ask what default reasoning really is, we see that it is form of likelihood reasoning. The goal of this paper is to show that if defa...