Patients with cancer are at high risk for infections caused by antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we summarize trends among the major pathogens and clinical syndromes associated with antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacterial infection in patients with malignancy, with special attention to carbapenem and expanded-spectrum β-lactam resistance in Escherichia coli, Kleb...

The study reported the molecular characterization, antibiotic susceptibility profile and nature of resistance genes in multiple resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from selected hospital fomites hands health care workers Ondo, Nigeria. Various were swabbed for detection aeruginosa. Each sample was cultured separately on MacConkey Centrimide agar plates incubated 18-24h at 37oC. Pure isola...

Humans have been plagued with the threat of bacterial infection since before the dawn of recorded history, and have thus always had a keen interest in finding a suitable treatment for these maladies. In the early part of the 19th century, colonial Americans were fearful of death by bacterial infections that are now considered routine, and usually inquired about one another's health in their let...

INTRODUCTION Several reports have shown marked heterogeneity of antibiotic pharmacokinetics (PK) in patients admitted to ICUs, which might potentially affect outcomes. Therefore, the pharmacodynamic (PD) parameter of the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics, that is, the time that its concentration is above the bacteria minimal inhibitory concentration (T > MIC), cannot be safely extrapolated from ...

Recent developments in the chemistry and biology of βlactam antibiotics which culminated with the introduction of several clinically useful classical and nonclassical β-lactams have been most thrilling and highly rewarding. While this review touches upon the historical development of β-lactams and their reactivity in a nutshell, it provides an overview of various aspects of chemical and enzymat...

The incidence of hospital-acquired infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens is increasing at an alarming rate. Equally alarming is the overall lack of efficacious therapeutic options for clinicians, which is due primarily to the acquisition and development of various antibiotic resistance mechanisms that render these drugs ineffective. Among these mechanisms is the redu...

Therapeutic use of cephaloridine, a beta-lactam antibiotic, in humans is associated with carnitine deficiency. A potential mechanism for the development of carnitine deficiency is competition between cephaloridine and carnitine for the renal reabsorptive process. OCTN2 is an organic cation/carnitine transporter that is responsible for Na(+)-coupled transport of carnitine in the kidney and other...

Two types of Escherichia coli mutants tolerant to beta-lactam antibiotics were isolated. One is E. coli chi2452, which showed a tolerant response against beta-lactam antibiotics when grown at 42 degrees C, and the others are the mutants C-80 and C-254, selected from mutagenized E. coli chi1776 by cycles of exposure to ampicillin, cephaloridine, and starvation of the nutritionally required diami...

Background: Meningitis, inflammation of the meninges with systemic septicemia, from bacterial, viral, or fungal origin, is a fatal disease in all age groups, particularly infants and children. The present study was done to evaluate usage antibiotics pediatric patients meningitis tertiary care hospital. Aims Objectives: conducted prescription pattern for suffering meningitis. efficacy antibiotic...

Gram-negative bacteria tend to be more resistant to lipophilic and amphiphilic inhibitors than gram-positive bacteria. Such inhibitors include dyes, detergents, free fatty acids, antibiotics, and other chemotherapeutic agents. This property is used in the selective enrichment of gram-negative bacteria, especially of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, for example with MacConkey agar (cont...