We consider interacting bosonic particles on a two-leg triangular ladder in the presence of an artificial gauge field. employ density matrix renormalization group numerical simulations and analytical bosonization calculations to study rich phase diagram this system. show that interplay between frustration induced by lattice geometry interactions gives rise multiple chiral quantum phases. Phase ...

This article reports the results of an experiment involving 108 college students with varying backgrounds in biology. Subjects answered questions about the evolutionary history of sets of hominid and equine taxa. Each set of taxa was presented in one of three diagrammatic formats: a noncladogenic diagram found in a contemporary biology textbook or a cladogram in either the ladder or tree format...

We analyze the phase diagram of a system of spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains interacting through a zigzag coupling, also called zigzag ladders. Using bosonization techniques we study how a spin-gap or more generally plateaux in magnetization curves arise in different situations. While for coupled XXZ chains, one has to deal with a recently discovered chiral perturbation, the couplin...

The phase diagram of a frustrated spin-S zig-zag ladder is studied through different numerical and analytical methods. We show that for arbitrary S, there is a family of Hamiltonians for which a fully-dimerized state is an exact ground state, being the Majumdar-Ghosh point for a particular member of the family. We show that the system presents a transition between a dimerized phase to a Néel-li...

The phase diagram of quasi-1D arrays of quantum spins in temperature and magnetic field is particularly rich: quantum disordered, quantum critical, spin Luttinger-liquid, BEC, and classically saturated phases can in principle be studied [1-3]. However, model materials are rare, where these phases can be explored experimentally with the exception of the novel metal-organic compound (C5H12N)2CuBr...

We analyze the phase diagram of a system of spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains interacting through a zigzag coupling, also called zigzag ladders. Using bosonization techniques we study how a spin-gap or more generally plateaux in mag-netization curves arise in different situations. While for coupled XXZ chains, one has to deal with a recently discovered chiral perturbation, the coupli...

We find new facet-defining inequalities for the linear ordering polytope generalizing the well-known Möbius ladder inequalities. Our starting point is to observe that the natural derivation of the Möbius ladder inequalities as {0, 1 2 }-cuts produces triangulations of the Möbius band and of the corresponding (closed) surface, the projective plane. In that sense, Möbius ladder inequalities have ...

This paper is a design and implementation of a monitoring and control system for industrial mixer using PLC .This mixer used for an effective, reliable and highly flexible method for the control of processes within an Industrial environment. The objective of this study is to simulate the control an industrial mixer and by doing this we can develop a program that can be used for the actual imple...

One of the most intriguing phases of strongly correlated electrons is known variously as the ‘‘orbital antiferromagnet,’’ the ‘‘staggered flux phase,’’ or the ‘‘d-density wave.’’ It is characterized by circulating currents which produce local magnetic moments aligned in an antiferromagnetic ~staggered! way. As a consequence, timereversal symmetry as well as translational and rotational symmetri...

We investigate the low-temperature phase diagram of the exactly solved su(4) two-leg spin ladder as a function of the rung coupling J⊥ and magnetic field H by means of the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA). In the absence of a magnetic field the model exhibits three quantum phases, while in the presence of a strong magnetic field there is no singlet ground state for ferromagnetic rung coupling. ...