We studied gate line edge roughness (LER) and its effect on electrical characteristics of 50nm bulk MOSFETs. Using simulation, we studied the underlying mechanism of three significant LER effects on the electrical performance of advanced 50 nm gate length bulk devices. First, we found that off-state leakage current is much more sensitive than the on-state drive current to gate LER. Second, we f...

Mechanisms underlying speciation in plants include detrimental (incompatible) genetic interactions between parental alleles that incur a fitness cost in hybrids. We reported on recessive hybrid incompatibility between an Arabidopsis thaliana strain from Poland, Landsberg erecta (Ler), and many Central Asian A. thaliana strains. The incompatible interaction is determined by a polymorphic cluster...

A field study was carried out during the summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 at research farm Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, to effect NP fertilization stress mitigating chemicals on productivity profitability cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) baby corn (Zea mays intercropping system. The experiment conducted in a split-split plot design with 5 systems [sole cowpea, sole corn, + (2: 1), (3: 1...

Bio-economic efficiency of different cotton-based intercropping systems was determined at the Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, (Pakistan) during 1996-97 and 1997-98. Cotton cultivar NIAB-78 was planted in 80-cm apart single rows and 120-cm spaced double row strips with the help of a single row hand drill. Intercropping systems were cotton alone, and cotton + mungb...

OBJECTIVE Despite the recognition of importance to avoid visceral ischemia during thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair, the methodology of visceral perfusion seems still controversial and its pathophysiology has not been clearly understood. We investigated hepatosplanchnic metabolism during visceral perfusion/shunt in TAAA repair. METHODS Seventeen patients (10 male, 64+/-15 years o...

As the transistors are scaled down, undesirable performance mismatch in identically designed transistors increases and hence causes greater impact on circuit performance and yield. Since Line-End Roughness (LER) does not decrease as the device shrinks and has been reported to be in the order of several nanometers, it has evolved as a critical problem in the sub-45nm devices and may lead to seri...

Regulation of virulence gene expression in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) is incompletely understood. In EPEC, the plasmid-encoded regulator Per is required for maximal expression of proteins encoded on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), and a LEE-encoded regulator (Ler) is part of the Per-mediated regulatory cascade upregulating the LEE2, L...

Lepromatous leprosy patients experiencing erythema nodosum lepro­ sum (ENL) have been reported to have an increase in the ratio of circulating T -helper to T -suppressor cel ls ( H : S ratio) . Thal idomide is an effect ive drug in the management of ENL . To determine if thal idomide affected cells of the immunoregulatory system, B cel ls , T cel ls , T-suppressor cel ls , T-helper and natural ...

The imbalance between the crop production and population growth is currently major issue in Ethiopia. To feed growing population, increasing of food through more types same field as an intercropping right strategy. study was aimed at evaluating profitability sorghum-legume on yield sorghum. Intercropping sorghum with legumes crops increases land productivity its Land Equivalent Ratio greater th...