Strain is an important parameter for assessing the potential impacts resulting from mine subsidence movements. However, strain resulting from mine subsidence is also one of the most difficult parameters to predict accurately. A number of methods can be used to predict strain, from simple empirical relationships, to more complex statistical approaches. This paper looks at some of these predictio...

A graph G = (V, E) is called a pairwise compatibility graph (PCG) if there exists a tree T , a positive edge-weight function w on T , and two non-negative real numbers dmin and dmax, dmin ≤ dmax, such that V coincides with the set of leaves of T , and there is an edge (u, v) ∈ E if and only if dmin ≤ dT,w(u, v) ≤ dmax where dT,w(u, v) is the sum of the weights of the edges on the unique path fr...

This paper describes a Web-based query system for semantically heterogeneous geospatial data. Our goal is to provide DBMS type query capabilities to a proposed statewide land information system. One of the main problems in querying distributed local data sources is the difference in semantics describing the characteristics (attributes) of spatial objects between various jurisdictions. To addres...

Land leveling or land grading of surface irrigated fields improve irrigation water distribution and application efficiencies, conserve increases crop productivity. formation for face many constraints (ensuring proper slopes, prevention flood, ensuring canal command over the field, optimizing earthwork, minimizing truck travel distances, equipment utilization). Design engineers traditionally, pe...

PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between microvascular density and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and KIT as possible markers of angiogenic stimulus in astrocytic tumors and correlate it with histopathological grading. METHODS We enrolled 99 surgical specimens of supratentorial astrocytic tumors for analysis of VEGF and KIT and subsequent correlation with MVD ...

Mechanised grading is nowmature. In this paper, we propose elements for the next step: building a commodity infrastructure for grading. We propose — an architecture for a grading component able to be embedded into various learning environments, — a set of extensible Internet-based protocols to interact with this component, and — a self-contained file format to thoroughly define an exercise in o...

This paper considers whether student motivation might be impacted by the replacement of a straight (A, B, C, D, F) grading system with a plus/minus system (A, A−, B+ ... D−, F). The data that are examined are from several undergraduate economics classes at a mid-sized midwestern university in the United States. The data includes student characteristics, student performance and students’ choices...