نتایج جستجو برای: lande
تعداد نتایج: 275 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
We contrast three methods for measuring selection at sequential fitness components (here called the additive, changing variance, and independent methods). The independent method (Koenig and Albano, 1987; Conner, 1988) describes the relationship between a phenotypic character and one fitness component independent of other components. This method is appropriate when the question is whether or not...
The evolutionary cause of elaborate male sexual display traits remains controversial despite extensive recent research. R. A. Fisher is credited with developing the most widely discussed models: the good genes hypothesis (Fisher, 1915; see also Han~ilton and Zuk, 1982; Maynard Smith, 1976; Zahavi, 1975, 1977) and runaway selection (Fisher, 1930, 1954; see also Arnold, 1983; Heisler, 1985; Lande...
Many important traits in plant breeding are polygenic and therefore recalcitrant to traditional marker-assisted selection. Genomic selection addresses this complexity by including all markers in the prediction model. A key method for the genomic prediction of breeding values is ridge regression (RR), which is equivalent to best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) when the genetic covariance betwe...
The rapid experimental progress of ultra-cold dipolar fermions opens up a whole new opportunity to investigate novel many-body physics of fermions. In this article, we review theoretical studies of the Fermi liquid theory and Cooper pairing instabilities of both electric and magnetic dipolar fermionic systems from the perspective of unconventional symmetries. When the electric dipole moments ar...
Hospital emergency departments play an increasingly important role in serving emergency and non-emergency medical needs of the public. Reports on how foreign medical services solve the numerous problems of delivery of emergency care might provide a welcome source of fresh and useful ideas in this field. Unfortunately, Organization of Emergency Medical Care: The Soviet Experience does not fulfil...
Evolution proceeds as the result of a balance between a few basic processes: mutation, selection, migration, genetic drift, and recombination. Mutation is the ultimate source of all the genetic variation on which selection may act; it is therefore essential to evolution. Mutations carry a large cost, though; almost all are deleterious, reducing the fitness of the organisms in which they occur (...
M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A.W. Borgland, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G.A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, A. Cuoco,* S. Cutini, F. D...
The large diversity of floral displays in angiosperms has been attributed largely to natural selection exerted by animal pollinators (Darwin, 1859; Grant and Grant, 1965; Waser, 1983). Quantitative measurements of selection on floral traits have only been made recently, however, and only on a handful of plant species (Campbell, 1989; Galen, 1989; Schemske and Horvitz, 1989; Campbell et al., 199...
S. Wright suggested an estimator, m, of the number of loci, m, contributing to the difference in a quantitative character between two differentiated populations, which is calculated from the phenotypic means and variances in the two parental populations and their F1 and F2 hybrids. The same method can also be used to estimate m contributing to the genetic variance within a single population, by...
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