Resolution of hostage crises may take hours or days of intensely focused and stressful negotiation, requiring the use of virtually every crisis intervention strategy known to psychology and law enforcement. This article describes the nature of hostage crises and the factors that contribute to prospects for a successful resolution. Outlined are basic strategies of hostage negotiation and crisis ...

BACKGROUND Following the April 20, 1999, massacre at Columbine High School, Littleton, Colo, school administrators, law enforcement officials, and the media reported a rash of successive bomb threats and threats of school violence that were attributed to imitation. OBJECTIVE To establish that the clustering of threats of school violence following the Columbine massacre was initiated by imitat...

Traceability is the ability to maintain the identification of animal, or animal products, all along the production chain. It represents an essential tool to safeguard public and animal health and to valorize typical production systems. European food legislation is particularly strict and traceability systems, based on product labeling, have become mandatory in all European countries. However, t...

BY ROBERT M. AXELROD I f the purpose of criminal laws is to define crime, lay the groundwork for criminal prosecutions, and, ultimately, reduce criminal behavior, the functionality of the money laundering laws (and their associated regulations) should be evaluated at least in part by how effective they are at facilitating criminal prosecutions. For that purpose, the Suspicious Activity Report (...

Legislation would be a Samuelsonian public good if the cost of creating legislation is not a function of the number of people covered by the legislation. A straighforward test of Samuelsonian publicness is undertaken by estimating the cost of producing legislation as a function of population and other variables, using cross-sectional data from the states of the United States for the years 1965,...

The paper shows that the discourse is inherent, performing several related functions are subject to discrimination and study. research’s aim study text, which social practices, when language used create maintain power relations and, as a result, means of controlling handling society. A matter determine theoretical methodological options for studying in process clarify initial properties its gen...