The VLSI layout designing is a highly complex process and hence a layout is often subjected to Layout Verification that includes (a) Design Rule Checking to check if the layout satisfies various design rules and (b) Connectivity Extraction to check if the components of the layout are properly electrically connected. In this work we study two geometric query problems which have applications in t...

This paper describes the restructuring of VLSI education at Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). Changing needs of industry, advances in technology and design methodology has required a significant reorganization of VLSI education with combined emphasis on system issues and associated physical constraints. We present here a course structure which will address in parallel fashion the key design ...

Climate influences geographic differences of vegetation phenology through both contemporary and historical variability. The latter effect is embodied in vegetation heterogeneity underlain by spatially varied genotype and species compositions tied to climatic adaptation. Such long-term climatic effects are difficult to map and therefore often neglected in evaluating spatially explicit phenologic...

Tree mortality due to warming and drought is a critical aspect of forest ecosystem in responding to climate change. Spatial patterns of tree mortality induced by drought and its influencing factors, however, have yet to be documented at the global scale. We collected observations from 248 sites globally where trees have died due to drought and then assessed the effects of climatic and forest fa...