BACKGROUND: Statistical analyses in human populations have associated limited food availability during development with increased longevity of next generations. In support, recent findings in Caenorhabditis elegans revealed nutritional effects on transgenerational longevity. OBJECTIVES: In this study we tested the effect of nutrition on longevity of future generations in Drosophila and whether ...

Demographic characteristics associated with human Toxocara canis infection in children aged one to 11 years were investigated using data from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1971 to 1973. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with larval stage antigen was used to measure the concentration of antibodies to T. canis in 1,409 available sera. From 4.6 to 7.3% of the children in differ...

Bees are herbivorous insects, consuming nectar and pollen throughout their life cycles. This paper is a brief review of the chemistry of these two floral resources and the implications for bee nutrition. Nectar is primarily an energy source, but in addition to sugars contains various minor constituents that may, directly or indirectly, have nutritional significance. Pollen provides bees with th...

The global obesity epidemic demands an improved understanding of the developmental and environmental factors regulating fat storage. Adipocytes serve as major sites of fat storage and as regulators of energy balance and inflammation. The optical transparency of developing zebrafish provides new opportunities to investigate mechanisms governing adipocyte biology, however zebrafish adipocytes rem...

Wolbachia bacteria manipulate the reproduction of mosquito hosts via a form of sterility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), promoting the spread of infections into host populations. The rate at which an infection invades is affected by host fitness costs associated with the Wolbachia infection. Here, we examine for an effect of Wolbachia infection on the immature fitness of the Asian ti...

Environmental factors during juvenile growth such as temperature and nutrition have major effects on adult morphology and life-history traits. In Drosophila melanogaster, ovary size, measured as ovariole number, and body size, measured as thorax length, are developmentally plastic traits with respect to larval nutrition. Herein we investigated the genetic basis for plasticity of ovariole number...

We validated the daily formation of increments in otoliths yellow goosefish Lophius litulon using reared individuals to examine growth field. Single, round-shaped core structures were observed 41% sagittae and 73% lapilli. Therefore, lapillar used for further observations increment analysis. The lapillus radius newly hatched larvae was 15.0 ± 1.4 ?m (mean standard deviation) forming hatch check...

Nutrition, via the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS)/Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway, can provide a strong molding force for determining animal size and shape. For instance, nutrition induces a disproportionate increase in the size of male horns in dung and rhinoceros beetles, or mandibles in staghorn or horned flour beetles, relative to body size. In these species, well-fed ...