INTRODUCTION: Both posterior stabilized (PS) and cruciate retaining (CR) total knee replacement systems have demonstrated high rates of survivorship, high clinical knee scores and high patient satisfaction scores for decades. However, CR total knees sometimes exhibit more varied kinematics and a smaller range of motion than similar PS knees. Many factors can cause this, but one important factor...

Recently introduced tibial intramedullary nails allow a number of distal screws to be used to reduce the incidence of malalignment and loss of fixation of distal metaphyseal fractures. However, the number of screws and the type of screw configuration to be used remains obscure. This biomechanical study was performed to address this question. Thirty-six Expert tibial nails (Synthes, Oberdorf, Sw...

PURPOSE When there is a varus deformity in proximal tibia, the extension of a tibial shaft axis tends to pass through the lateral intercondylar eminence. A prospective randomized study was conducted to find out whether the lateral eminence of tibia could serve as a reference point for proximal tibial osteotomy during total knee arthroplasty and results from 6-years follow up period were reporte...

Background: Posterior tibial slope (PTS) is an important factor in the knee joint biomechanics and one of the bone features, which leads to knee joint stability. Posterior tibial slope affects flexion gap, knee joint stability and posterior femoral rollback that are related to wide range of knee motion. During high tibial osteotomy and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery, proper retaining the...

During hominin evolution, an increase in the femoral bicondylar angle was the initial change that led to selection for protuberance of the lateral trochlear lip and the elliptical profile of the lateral condyle. No correlation is found during ontogeny between the degree of femoral obliquity and of the prominence of the lateral trochlear lip. Might there be a relationship with the elliptical pro...

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed computed tomography (CT) is crucial for the reliable and accurate evaluation of tunnel enlargement after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the tibial tunnel enlargement at the tunnel aperture and inside the tunnel and to clarify the morphological change at the tunnel footprint 1 year after...

To prevent patella infera in open wedge high tibial osteotomy, a new operation technique was developed. Instead of a proximal tibial tuberosity osteotomy, a distal osteotomy was performed and the tuberosity was fixed with one screw to the tibia. Initial experience in 17 patients was evaluated and compared with results of 20 patients with open wedge high tibial osteotomy with proximal tuberosity...

This report discusses the use of an alternative implant in the emergency fixation of a distal tibial fracture. We planned to fix the shear-type medial malleolar fracture in a closed, tri-malleolar fracture with a locking distal tibial plate. Intra-operatively, it was noted that the required plate was unavailable. A PHILOS humeral plate seemed to fit the contours of the distal tibia. The broad e...

Background: A uniplanar, varus-producing distal femur osteotomy (DFO) may improve patellar tracking by effectively medializing the tibial tubercle, decreasing Q-angle, and reducing dislocation vector on patella. Indications: 17-year-old female with 8° of genu valgum presented 18 months symptomatic left knee instability episodes that limit her function. Technique Description: lateral subvastus a...

Using radiographs and diagrams, this article reviews the most commonly used axes and angles of the foot, including: longitudinal axis of the rearfoot, collum tali axis, talocalcaneal angle, cuboid abduction angle, longitudinal axis of the lesser tarsus, lesser tarsus angle, talonavicular angle, longitudinal axis of the metatarsus, forefoot adductus angle, metatarsus adductus angle, first interm...