it will be going the path of respect to uphold the prophet’s words over other arab words in prose and poetry in syntactic quotations. after the eloquent language of qur’an, no other arab word found itself more saying in eloquence than that of the prophet’s, nor had it the depth of effect and balance of meaning of his. but this had not been welcomed by antecedent grammarians to the extent that i...

The exchange maker-taker pricing scheme affects incentives to take or make markets resulting in narrower bid-ask spreads. This study traces the effect of maker-taker pricing on stock quotations. The analyses consider distributions of quotation sizes, values implied from these sizes, and changes in these sizes and values. The results help inform the current debate on whether tick sizes should be...

By learning from foreign advanced ideas, this paper summarizes and compares the engineering cost management modes and theories in America, England, and Europe, and advances suggestions for the international bidding and quoting tactics and quotation compilation skills of China’s construction industry.

In today’s competitive business environment, quick service with minimal waiting time is an important factor for customers when choosing a service. Many service organizations guarantee a uniform lead-time to all customers in order to gain competitive advantages in the market. In selecting a lead-time to quote, the firm has to take into consideration not only how customers will react to the deliv...

In this paper, we model an operating system consisting of a firm and its customers, where the mean demand rate is a function of the guaranteed delivery time offered to the customers and of market price, where price itself is determined by the length of the delivery time. Economies of scale are present. The firm s objective is to maximize profits by selecting an optimal guaranteed delivery time ...

Abstract We introduce evolutionary game method to analyze low-price collusion in inquiry market of Sci-Tech Innovation Board China (SIBC) from the perspective strategic interaction between large institutional investors (LIIs), small and medium-sized (SMIIs), supervision department (SD). The results show that behaviors SD, quotation investors, are subject conditions. Under condition benefits tou...

Languages offer various ways to present what someone said, thought, imagined, felt, and so on from their perspective. The prototypical example of a perspective-shifting device is direct quotation. In this review we define perspective shift in terms indexical shift: A quotation like “Selena ‘Oh, I don't know.’” involves because the first-person ‘I’ refers Selena, not actual speaker. We then disc...