A method is presented to correct for the imperfections of spatial encoding gradients in MRI. The approach is simple and fast, can be performed with standard scanner hardware, and does not require separate measurements with reference phantoms. The new method, using the MR signal to accurately measure the k-space trajectory of the imaging sequence, allows for correction of gradient hardware imper...

Thickness stretching effect based on shear and normal deformation theory is used in this paper for magneto-electro-elastic vibration analysis of a three-layered curved nanobeam including a nano core and two piezo-magnetic layers. Size-dependency is included in derivation of governing equations of motion based Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory. The initial curvature is accounted in calculatio...

One of the main challenges in the application of coupled or integrated hydrologic models is specifying a catchment’s initial conditions in terms of soil moisture and depth-to-water table (DTWT) distributions. One approach to reducing uncertainty in model initialization is to run the model recursively using either a single year or multiple years of forcing data until the system equilibrates with...

We introduce a model for a preferentially attached network which has grown from a small world network. Here, the average path length and the clustering coefficient are estimated, and the topological properties of modeled networks are compared as the initial conditions are changed. As a result, it is shown that the topological properties of the initial network remain even after the network growt...

In engineering practice, longitudinal brace systems for column-braced are designed to resist both horizontal and vertical loads. previous experimental research on forces of intermediate height, only loads were considered. Hence, this paper presents a numerical simulation numerous subjected the simulation, second-order analysis was adopted, Monte Carlo method used incorporate randomness initial ...

The $\varphi^{4}$ theory is widely used in many areas of physics, from cosmology and elementary particle physics to biophysics condensed matter theory. Topological defects, or kinks, this describe stable, solitary wave excitations. In practice, these excitations, as they propagate, necessarily interact with impurities imperfections the on-site potential. work, we focus on effect length strength...