Maturity is a matter of concern for the utilization livestock manures after composting because phytotoxicity immature compost. The seed germination test widely used evaluating maturity However, process was not studied by establishing model maturity. Here, we established time-to-event data proportion over time in with cow dung compost at different times. Results show that profile Chinese cabbage...

Ursolic acid is a triterpenoid compound in the plant kingdom and has important biological functions. In this study, ursolic contents of nine herbs including Anethum graveolens (dill), Camellia sinensis L. (green tea), Lepidium sativum (garden cress), Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil), Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), Salvia (sage), Thymus vulgaris (thyme) Urtica d...

Combustion in fluidised bed boilers is one of the most commonly used methods treatment municipal sewage sludge. Fly ash (FA) and air pollution control (APC) residues are solid by-products generated by flue gas treatment. There significant differences chemical composition these wastes. FA composed mainly SiO2, P2O5, CaO metals such as Zn, Ti, Cu, Cr, Pb Ni. APC contain SO3 Na2O. The leachability...

This study was carried out to assess the ecotoxicity of soil affected by wildfire using two laboratory toxicity tests, and investigate possibility application selected amendment into burnt in order improve its properties for faster post-fire reclamation. A phytotoxicity test is a fast-indicative revealing acute performed on quickly growing plant species Sinapis alba L. Lepidium sativum L., whil...