Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS) is a rare and controversial sequelae from previous radical turbinate surgery. We report on a 50-year-old Chinese gentleman with long-standing nasal problems who has had radical turbinate surgery many years prior to presenting at the ENT clinic with mucoid nasal discharge and chronically blocked nose. His nasal cavities were ironically very patent and there were only mi...

1 allergic diseases and cysteinyl leukotriene (lt) antagonists Allergic diseases include a variety of different illnesses (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria, and dermatitis) in which the physiological and pathological basis is the release of chemical mediators such as histamine; platelet-activating factor; metabolites of arachidonic acid; and chemotactic factors from mastocytes, basop...

Azelastine, a new oral agent with antiallergic and antihistamine properties, has been shown to inhibit the effect of histamine and leukotriene (LT) in vitro, though not a specific leukotriene receptor antagonist. The effect of both a single dose (8.8 mg) and 14 days' treatment (8.8 mg twice daily) with azelastine on bronchoconstriction induced by LTC4 and histamine has been examined in 10 patie...

Leukotrienes are potent proinflammatory mediators derived from of arachidonic acid through the 5- lipoxygenase pathway. Experimental data suggest a role for cysteinyl leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and there is a rationale for the use of pharmacological agents to antagonize their effects in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. We report 2 cases of severe atopic dermatitis ...

BACKGROUND Proinflammatory mediators such as the cysteinyl leukotrienes are important in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, given once daily in the morning for treatment of seasonal (fall) allergic rhinitis for 4 weeks. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind trial with a...

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a vasopressor peptide involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes mellitus. We have previously reported that the 5-lipoxygenase-derived products, particularly the cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), are involved in Ang II-induced contraction. In this study, we demonstrated that CysLTs contribute to the contraction elicited by Ang II i...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Cysteinyl leukotrienes are important proinflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of asthma. Since bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a noninvasive surrogate marker of asthmatic airway inflammation, we evaluated the bronchoprotection afforded by leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs). DESIGN Systematic review of randomized, placebo-controlled trials in which LTRAs were admini...

BACKGROUND Nasal challenge studies have suggested histamine and cysteinyl leukotrienes are important proinflammatory mediators in allergic rhinitis. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, administered alone or concomitantly with loratadine, an H(1)-receptor antagonist, in seasonal allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE The purpose ...

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the esophagus that often occurs in atopic persons. Management strategies include pharmacotherapy, dietary modification, and endoscopic therapy, although patients will often have a relapsing and remitting course. Currently, the primary pharmacotherapy for EoE consists of corticosteroids. Immuno-modulators, leukotriene antagoni...

Chronic urticaria (CU) in children often is caused by physical triggers. It also can be associated with autoimmune disease, especially thyroid autoimmunity. Functional autoantibodies against FcepsilonRIalpha have been reported in children with CU but have not been studied in a systematic fashion. The autologous serum skin test has been proposed as a surrogate test to define the presence of thes...