Thrombotic risk is associated with the estrogen dose and type of progestin in combined oral contraceptives. Studies published since 1990 showed that third-generation progestins have larger risk to contribute to thrombosis development than the second-generation. However, there are conflicts in the literature regarding the thrombotic risk associated to the drospirenone progestin. So, this study a...

BfArM acknowledges the submission of the manuscript by Backman et al. (2005) concerning the occurrence of breast cancer associated with Mirena use. The manuscript was scheduled for publication in October 2005 and meanwhile has been published (Backman T. et al. Use of the Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system and breast cancer. Obstet and Gynecol 2005;106:813-7). Unfortunately, the study ...

Methods: This randomized clinical study included 150 perimenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia (EH) without atypia who were randomly assigned into three groups; 50 patients received 15 mg Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), 50 patients received 15 mg Norethisterone acetate (NETA) and 50 patients in whom levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) was inserted. Endometrial samp...

PURPOSE Multiple trials by the World Health Organization have established levonorgestrel as the gold standard in hormonal emergency contraception (EC). However, changes in menstrual patterns following EC have been observed; thus, we undertook this prospective study to identify and determine the characteristics of these changes. MATERIALS Women requesting EC at either any of two hospitals --1 ...

A 29-year-old woman presented to the gynecology outpatient clinic with abdominal discomfort following the insertion of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS). It was noted that although the patient remained amenorrheic since the insertion, there was a persistent left iliac fossa discomfort, which was constant in nature and not made worse by intercourse. On examination, there was a vag...