Question: Under what circumstances does a capacity for multi-stage dormancy (i.e. dormancy in more than one life-stage) evolve? Mathematical methods: Optimization in stochastic environments. Results are derived both analytically and by simulations. Key assumption: There exists some trade-off between resources allocated to reproduction and adult dormant survival. Different shapes of this trade-o...

The certainty of aging and death is a major concern of humans with a consequent endless search for methods to contract aging’s effects and delay death as long as possible. Charlatans may take advantage of the wish of people to live longer, proposing miraculous, unproven, and profitable antiaging products. Conversely, key advances in the understanding of the mechanism(s) behind the biology of ag...

In order to explore how Web search volume dynamically influences product sales during the whole product life cycle, this paper collects Web search volume and sales data of movies and does an empirical analysis using econometric models. The empirical results show that Web search volume before the launch of a new product has a positive impact on the product sales in the initial period of introduc...

regarding the important role of health in economic growth and development, the purpose of the present paper is to investigate the impact of life expectancy, as the most important indicator of health, on economic growth in iran during 1965-2009. the estimated smooth transition regression (str) model supports a nonlinear threshold behavior in the relationship between life expectancy and economic ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with stage IIB osteosarcoma at a single institution for 20 years and to compare the results according to the chemotherapy protocols. METHODS From Jan 1988 to Nov 2008, 167 patients with osteosarcoma were treated at our hospital and among them, 117 patients (67 males and 50...

The development, survival, and fecundity of Scymnus subvillosus (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were studied at 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees C, 60 +/- 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h (5,000 lux) under laboratory conditions. The total developmental time from egg hatch to adult eclosion ranged from 22.6 d at 20 degrees C to 10.6 d at 35 degrees C. The developmental rates of the egg sta...

nowadays, different methods are used to solve optimization problems which ,one of the newest is bco method that are inspired by the nature and derived from the social life of bees of these methods can be noted that bco is derived from the social life of bees. we use in this paper fuzzy logic for bee‟s decision stage. at the end, we solve two different problem that have already been solved by es...

The sedentary semi-endoparasitic nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis, the reniform nematode, is a serious pest of cotton and soybean in the United States. In recent years, interest in the molecular biology of the interaction between R. reniformis and its plant hosts has increased; however, the unusual life cycle of R. reniformis presents a unique set of challenges to researchers who wish to study...