The management of traumatic dislocation of the knee in 40 patients (41 knees) with a mean age of 26.3 years is described. They were treated by primary repair and reconstruction with autologous grafting of the anterior (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligaments (PCL) and repair injuries to the collateral ligament and soft-tissue. The ACL and PCL were reconstructed using the patellar tendon and the g...

We investigate the mechanical response of thin sheets perforated with a square array of mutually orthogonal cuts, which leaves a network of squares connected by small ligaments. Our combined analytical, experimental and numerical results indicate that under uniaxial tension the ligaments buckle out of plane, inducing the formation of 3D patterns whose morphology is controlled by the load direct...

This study provides a theoretical and computational basis for understanding and predicting how tendons and ligaments adapt to exercise, immobilization, and remobilization. In a previous study, we introduced a model that described the growth and development of tendons and ligaments. In this study, we use the same model to predict changes in the cross-sectional area, modulus, and strength of tend...

The Norway elbow prosthesis is a non-constrained cemented total replacement. It depends on intact collateral ligaments for stability, and allows a full range of movement. The system includes several sizes of components, all freely interchangeable, and semi-constraint can be provided by a locking ring if damaged collateral ligaments make dislocation possible. The prosthesis has been used in more...

The aim of the study was to trace the transverse ligament of the knee in staged human embryos. Investigations were carried out on 42 embryos of developmental stages 18-23 (44-56 postovulatory days) from the collection of the Department of Anatomy in Poznań. It was found that in embryos at stage 19 peripheral condensation of the mesenchymal interzone of knee joint, located anteriorly to the prim...

Background The palmar aspect of the capsuloligamentous complex of the wrist is relatively inaccessible to surgery through an open approach. An all-inside arthroscopic suturing technique is presented that allows suturing of the palmar scapholunate or lunotriquetral ligaments or plication of the space of Poirier. Methods Eight palmar scapholunate ligaments and four major tears of the volar capsul...

Prosthetic replacement in the hand must address such unique challenges as preservation of the collateral ligaments, tendon balancing, and stability. Some recently developed implant arthroplasties of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints have anatomically designed articular components; others have non-cemented, press-fit, carefully contoured intramedullary stems. The ration...

The peritoneum is the largest and most complexly arranged serious membrane in the body. The potential peritoneal spaces, the peritoneal reflections forming peritoneal ligaments, mesenteries, omenta, and the natural flow of peritoneal fluid determine the route of spread of intraperitoneal fluid and consequently disease spread within the abdominal cavity. The peritoneal ligaments, mesenteries, an...

Grisel syndrome is a condition of uncertain etiology characterized by a non-traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation following an infection in the head and neck region. Although first described in 1830, the exact pathophysiology of Grisel syndrome remains unclear. We present a case of atlantoaxial subluxation after acute lymphadenitis diagnosed with a dynamic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic res...

INTRODUCTION Techniques for reconstruction of the dislocated acromioclavicular (AC) joint are numerous. Most, however, do not incorporate reconstruction of the disrupted acromioclavicular ligaments and capsule. Evidence exists supporting the importance of these ligaments particularly in providing horizontal stability to the AC joint. Recently, biomechanical studies have demonstrated improved AC...