Atrophic age-related and juvenile macular degeneration are especially devastating due to lack of an effective cure. Two retinal cell types, photoreceptor cells and the adjacent retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), reportedly display the earliest pathological changes. Abca4(-/-)Rdh8(-/-) mice, which mimic many features of human retinal degeneration, allowed us to determine the sequence of light-i...

Abstract Background Bond strength of orthodontic composite is strongly influenced by molecular and structural mechanisms. Aim this in vitro study was to compare bond light-cure composites measuring debonding forces evaluating locations failure. Investigations on chemical compositions clarified adhesive behaviors abilities, exploring effects ageing processes junction materials. Methods Twelve en...

The effect of photodynamic therapy using mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) on both direct cytotoxicity and vascular damage was examined. Sprague-Dawley rats bearing chondrosarcoma tumor were given i.v. injections of 5 or 10 mg/kg NPe6 and exposed to 135-J/cm2 664-nm laser light either 4 or 24h after NPe6 injection. The percentage of viable tumor cells was estimated either immediately after the ...

As discussed in Part I, the type of curing light and curing mode impact the polymerization kinetics of resin-based composite (RBC) materials. Major changes in light-curing units and curing modes have occurred. The type of curing light and mode employed affects the polymerization shrinkage and associated stresses, microhardness, depth of cure, degree of conversion, and color change of RBCs. Thes...