Toxoplasma gondii is intracellular parasites, which infect a large proportion of the world ' s population, but uncommonly causes clinically significant disease .The present study was performed to estimate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Iraqi male. Venous blood samples were collected from healthy male age between (18-57) years attended the National blood transfusion centre in Baghdad from Oc...

It is expensive to induce experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) by active immunity, and difficult to obtain natural acetylcholine receptor (AChR). We sought a new method of inducing EAMG by immunizing rats with artificially synthesized AChR. The AChR mRNA in TE671 cells was extracted and reverse transcribed. The inclusion body was purified and protein concentration was determined, an...

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the leading sexually transmitted bacterial infection. The continued global burden of CT infection strongly predicates the need for a vaccine to supplement current chlamydial control programs. The correlates of protection against CT are currently unknown, but they must be carefully defined to guide vaccine design. The localized nature of chlamydial infection in colu...

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine frequency of active HCV infection among confirmed anti-HCV positive subjects of KPK in order to help the infected subjects decide about anti-viral treatment options. Methods: Blood samples (3075 samples) were collected from patients in selected districts of KPK and were transported to Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Diagnostic la...

BACKGROUND Toll-like receptors play an important role in the regulation of adaptive immunity. This study aimed to investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) polymorphisms influence the production and persistence of antibodies after acellular pertussis booster vaccination during adolescence. METHODS Seventy-five subjects received a single dose of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellul...

Toxic cyanobacteria are contaminants of surface waters worldwide. Microcystins are some of the most commonly detected cyanotoxins. Biological evidence of human exposure may be difficult to obtain due to limitations associated with cost, laboratory capacity, analytic support, and expertise. We investigated the application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) to detect microcystins in ...

AIMS To determine the prevalence of cells secreting interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the gut mucosa of children with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated from intestinal biopsy specimens from control children (n = 10) and children with active inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease n = 15, ulcerative colitis n = 9, indeterminate colitis n = 3). Spontaneous IL...

PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of paragonimiasis among the patients who were attending the tuberculosis (TB) clinics at the Community Health Centre, Pfutsero, Phek District, Nagaland. To determine the species of Paragonimus that cause infection in humans and the crustacean host that acts as the infectious source for humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sputum specimens were examined microscopic...

BACKGROUND We conducted a nested case-control study in 397 rural Egyptian children <36 months of age to assess the correlation between serum levels of antibodies against toxin and colonization factors (CFs) and the risk of homologous enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrhea. METHODS Active case detection was performed via semiweekly home visits, and blood was obtained at 3-month inter...