Oxidative stress has been implicated as a mechanism underlying hyperglycaemia-associated cellular damage and could play a role in the development of diabetes-related complications. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of changes in oxidant-antioxidant status in 176 child and adolescent diabetic patients at clinical onset, during disease progression and when early microvascular complica...

Reactive oxygen species paradoxically underpin both ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage and ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) cardioprotection. Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3 PUFA) are highly susceptible to peroxidation, but are paradoxically cardioprotective. This study tested the hypothesis that LCn-3 PUFA cardioprotection is underpinned by peroxidation, upregulating antio...

Meat and meat products, which form a major part of our diet, are very susceptible to quality changes resulting from oxidative processes. Quality of fermented food products depends on the course of various physicochemical and biochemical processes. Oxidation of meat components in raw ripening products may be the result of enzymatic changes occurring as a result of activity of enzymes originating...

The effect of chronic physiologic hyperglucagonemia on basal and insulin-mediated glucose metabolism was evaluated in normal subjects, using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique (+50, +100, and +500 microU/ml). After glucagon infusion fasting glucose increased from 76 +/- 4 to 93 +/- 2 mg/dl and hepatic glucose production (HGP) rose from 1.96 +/- 0.08 to 2.25 +/- 0.08 mg/kg X min (P less than...

iron is a pro-oxidant cofactor that may be linked to atherosclerosis progression. free iron catalyzes the generation of free radicals and free radicals promote the oxidation of lipids. reduction of body iron stores secondary to blood donation has been hypothesized to reduce lipid peroxidation. the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between blood donation and antioxidant enzymes a...

To evaluate the contribution of working muscle to whole body lipid oxidation, we examined the effects of exercise intensity and endurance training (9 wk, 5 days/wk, 1 h, 75% Vo(2 peak)) on whole body and leg free fatty acid (FFA) kinetics in eight male subjects (26 +/- 1 yr, means +/- SE). Two pretraining trials [45 and 65% Vo(2 max) (45UT, 65UT)] and two posttraining trials [65% of pretraining...

l h e efficiency of hydroperoxides (tert-butyl hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide) and sulfhydryl reagents (iodoacetamide, p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid) as glyceollin elicitors was examined in relation to sulfhydryl oxidation, or alteration, and to lipid peroxidation, in 3-d-old soybean hypocotyl/radicle, Glycine max. lhese oxidative events were investigated as possible early steps in the...

Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is thought to contribute to atherogenesis. Although there is increasing evidence for a role of myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants such as hypochlorite (HOCl), the mechanism by which HOCl modifies LDL remains controversial. Some studies report the protein component to be the major site of attack, whereas others describe extensive lipid peroxidation. The ...

Lipid oxidation has been long recognized as a major problem in the storage of fatty foods. Oxidative changes can result in repugnant flavors, in destruction of valuable numents and even in generation of toxic compounds. This reaction occurs by several molecular mechanisms which all channel to generation of oxygen-rich precursors of reactive, chain-propagating, free radicals. The complexity of t...

The effect of medium doses of γ-irradiation (1-10 kGy) on total phenolic and tannin contents, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation intensity and soluble protein content of soybean seeds, (genotype Ana), was investigated. Screening for antioxidant ability was performed using FRAP and DPPH methods. Total phenolic and tannin contents and DPPH scavenger activity were increased, while protein oxida...