This paper presents a model of multimarket competition with capacity investments. A firm which serves a single market enjoys a strategic advantage over a multimarket rival. It “overinvests”recognizing that its rival can deploy capacity to another market. The focused firm, due to the specificity of its investment, has no such “outside option”. The model shows how lower costs and a sharper focus ...

THIS ARTICLE DEVELOPS A FORMAL MODEL FOR COMPARING THE COST STRUCTURE OF THE TWO MAIN TRANSPORT OPTIONS FOR NATURAL GAS: liquefied natural gas (LNG) and pipelines. In particular, it evaluates how variations in the prices of natural gas and greenhouse gas emissions affect the relative cost-efficiency of these two options. Natural gas is often promoted as the most environmentally friendly of all ...

In this paper, we discuss potential developments of the world natural gas industry at the horizon of 2030. We use the World Gas Model (WGM), a dynamic, strategic representation of world natural gas production, trade, and consumption between 2005 and 2030. We specify a “base case” which defines the business-as-usual assumptions based on forecasts of the world energy markets. We then analyze the ...

Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) units combine gas pre-treatment to tight specifications and natural gas liquefaction that are new to offshore with traditional production systems that are commonly found on oil Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels. Attention is often focused on the new units, sometimes forgetting that successful operation of the Liquefied Natural Gas (L...

Large amounts of chlorine released in a few minutes from pressurized liquefied storage such as a railcar may form a dense two-phase (gas plus small liquid aerosol drops) cloud at ground level. The time duration of release from the storage tank could be as small as a few seconds for a large hole with diameter exceeding 20 or 30 cm. But even if the release from the tank occurs in a few seconds, a...

The presence of free water adversely affects the operation gas supply systems, causing corrosion elements, formation vapor locks in pipelines, ice and hydrate at low temperatures, especially when using liquefied hydrocarbon gases with a high content butanes. quantitative characteristics systems based on underground tanks butane are determined main provisions thermodynamic equilibrium liquid pha...

Large amounts of global sources of remote natural reserves gas are identified along with the main objective to allow energy contained in to be moved economically to the market. The current options that are adopted to export natural gas are basically two:1. To liquefy the gas and ship it as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). 2. To convert it to bulk petrochemicals in particular methanol or ammonia and...

This paper presents results of simulating a more collusive behavior of a group of natural gas producing and exporting countries, sometimes called GASPEC. We use the World Gas Model, a dynamic, strategic representation of world gas production, trade, and consumption between 2005 and 2030. In particular, we simulate a closer cooperation of the GASPEC countries when exporting pipeline gas and liqu...