Pyrethrum is derived from the dried flowers of the plant Tanacetum cinerariifolium. The name given to the active insecticidal components of the dried flowers is "pyrethrins". Tasmanian pyrethrum production is among the most innovative, high-tech agricultural industries in the world. With an output that nearly quadrupled since 1996, Botanical Resources Australia (BRA) now supplies more then 30% ...

In view of the increasing restrictions for CO2 mitigation, evaluation alternative fuels to ensure sustainability transportation is becoming increasingly important. Since some these alternatives can be refined from renewable sources, they are interesting perspective both: use current power-plants and emission. this sense, natural gas arises as an propellant substitute fossil fuels. Therefore, co...

In this paper, a real-time capable Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC) is implemented for the attitude control of an upper stage launch vehicle with liquid propellant. A mass spring model is used as an analogy to simulate the disturbance generated by the sloshing propellant. For the implementation of the NMPC, an optimal control problem (OCP) is defined with finite time horizon. The ob...

Electric propulsion devices for space applications greatly reduce the propellant mass requirements on a spacecraft in comparison to chemical rockets. To date, gridded ion engines and Hall effect thrusters (HETs) rely on thermionic hollow cathodes to supply electrons for propellant ionization and ion beam neutralization. Hollow cathodes consume up to 10% of the total propellant used in low-power...

The expedient field disposal of excess gun propellants on the ground is an integral part of live-fire training in many countries. However, burning excess propellant in the field will leave significant quantities of energetic residues and heavy metals in the environment. Compounds such as dinitrotoluene and nitroglycerin and metals such as lead will leach into the soil column, eventually migrati...