Foreign language learners typically experience considerable anxiety about taking listening tests. This study investigated how four forms of listening support (pre-teaching of content and vocabulary, question preview, and repeated input) affect the anxiety levels of college students in Taiwan taking a multiple-choice achievement test, which counts for their final grade in a required listening co...

In [1] we discussed functions of head movements and gaze. In this paper, we will go into more depth in the classification of various head movements: how they are distinguished in both formal and functional terms. We look at the distribution of a selection of primitive head movements and their related meanings and the way they are composed out of smaller units. This catalogue is not intended to ...

the present study investigated the effect of single and multiple genre movies on listening comprehension of upper intermediate language learners. to this end, a language proficiency test was administered to 40 male and female postgraduates of different majors attending international english language testing system (ielts) classes and ultimately 25 upper intermediate language learners were selec...

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Communicating agents are commonly thought of as intentionally addressing messages to other agents. A growing body of research exists on the interactive case: natural language dialogue. A somewhat different case, also important in many real life social and work settings, is a person overhearing or intentionally listening in on dialogue among a group of other people. Comparatively little research...

We consider a cheap talk setting with two senders and a continuum of receivers with different preferences. Receivers listen to just one sender, but can choose which sender to listen to. We determine that: (i) strategic listening facilitates more informative communication, such that even senders with strong preferences may report truthfully; (ii) both senders can attract listeners only if they a...

In this two-year longitudinal study, we sought to examine the developmental relationships among early narrative listening comprehension and language skills (i.e., vocabulary knowledge, sentence memory, and phonological awareness) and the roles of these factors in predicting narrative listening comprehension at the age of 6 years. We also sought to examine the role of inference-making skills as ...

background: prostate cancer is one of the most widespread cancers in men and is fundamentally a genetic disease. identifying regulators in cancer using novel systems biology approaches will potentially lead to new insight into this disease. it was sought to address this by inferring gene regulatory networks (grns). moreover, dynamical analysis of grns can explain how regulators change among dif...

adult neurogenesis is a process of producing nerve cells from their progenitor that occurs in some areas in the brain such as the hypothalamus. low activity in this area plays a role in neural degeneration and diseases such as multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and depression. ms is a neurodegenerative disease with a permanent disability that the main reason for it is axonal degeneration and neuronal...