We show strong changes in chemical etching of phosphorus-doped fiber cores due to hydrogen loading and subsequent UV-irradiation using an atomic force microscope. The etch rate of the fiber core in a low concentration hydrofluoric acid solution (HF) is decreasing after hydrogen loading by as much as 30%. In contrast, UV-irradiation of the hydrogenated fiber increases the core etch rate to value...

upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) reactors have been widely used for treatment of industrial wastewater. in this study, performance of a lab-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) reactor, treating a chemical synthesis-based pharmaceutical wastewater, was evaluated under different operating conditions. a (p.e) pipe with a diameter of 250 mm and total height of 120 cm and effective h...

objectives : microbial leakage through the implant-abutment (i-a) interface results in bacterial colonization in two-piece implants. the aim of this study was to compare microleakage rates in three types of replace abutments namely snappy, goldadapt, and customized ceramic using radiotracing. materials and methods: three groups, one for each abutment type, of five implants and one positive and ...

Transmission of several scattered users to a central base station over frequency-selective channels (multiple access problem) is considered. Multicarrier transmission and frequencydivision multiplexing in disjoint bands are assessed with regard to the achievable rate regions. The application of power loading in these schemes aiming at a maximization of the rate regions is discussed. Performance...

PTH and mechanical loading might act synergistically on bone formation. We tested the in vivo effect of the L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channel (VSCC) blocker, verapamil, on bone formation induced by human PTH-(1-34) (PTH) injection with or without mechanical loading. Adult rats were divided into eight groups: vehicle, verapamil, PTH, or verapamil plus PTH with or without mechanical loadin...

PURPOSE (1) To determine whether immediate loading of orthodontic bone anchors (OBAs) generates more failures than delayed loading and (2) to evaluate the impact of different variables on the success rate of the use of OBAs as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective registry, consecutive patients were treated with OBAs by one experienced ma...

The purpose of the present study was to ascertain whether increase in step frequency at a given velocity during running reduces the lower extremity loading variables, which is associated with tibial stress fracture in runner. We hypothesized that the lower extremity loading variables at a given speed would be minimized at around +15% f step. 10 male subjects were asked to run at 2.5 m/s on a tr...

one of the methods for the improvement of soil against the tensile stresses is using the artificial supplements in soil such as metal belts or nets, polymer materials and natural fibers. technically this method is called the reinforced of soil.  when a pavement is located on soft soil, great deformations can occur as a result of the crossing of traffic load in superstructure layers of the body....