Since 2010, with the rapid development of tourism in Zhagana, Yiwa township, problems agroforestry–pastoral complex system and economic Zhagana have come to fore. In order investigate sustainability system, ecological footprint model was used analyse sustainable ecosystem township from 2005 2020 security changes 2010 through examining intensity, diversity index capacity index. The results study...

The aim of this study is to investigate the understanding of wealth, poverty, inequality and unemployment in South African Black (African) children aged 7, 9, 11 and 14 drawn from a rural, an urban and a semi-urban setting. Two hundred and twenty-®ve children (80 rural, 60 urban and 85 semi-urban) were interviewed individually in Setswana, their mother tongue. The urban children were living in ...

Recent years have witnessed the revival of organised mass opposition to Apartheid. Fighting in the townships, labour unrest, classroom revolts, rent strikes, consumer boycotts, worker stayaways and guerilla warfare all these have become familiar features of South Africa's political landscape since 1976. From the inception of the United Democratic Front (UDF) in 1983, though, radical black oppos...

A prospective survey of social mixing patterns relevant to respiratory disease transmission by large droplets (e.g., influenza) or small droplet nuclei (e.g., tuberculosis) was performed in a South African township in 2010. A total of 571 randomly selected participants recorded the numbers, times, and locations of close contacts (physical/nonphysical) and indoor casual contacts met daily. The m...

BACKGROUND while life expectancy among older people has been lengthened due to improved public health and medical interventions, the importance of health-related quality of life in later life has also increased. However, the application of a generic health-related quality of life measure for older people needs to be carefully validated. OBJECTIVE to evaluate the practicality, reliability, val...

In a recently completed case-control epidemiological study, the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services (NJDHSS) with support from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) documented an association between prenatal exposure to a specific contaminated community water source and leukaemia in female children. An important and necessary step in the epidemiological st...

In the last decade environmental policies, particularly ecological resettlement, have changed China’s pastoral areas. This paper explores the diffi culty in conserving rangeland through ecological resettlement. The paper focuses on how ecological resettlement policy has been translated into practice, and how the affected people responded with migration decisions. Empirical fi ndings in a pastor...

This paper evaluates methods of hierarchical skill analysis developed in aerospace to the problem of surgical skill assessment and modeling. The analysis employs tool motion data of Fundamental of Laparoscopic Skills (FLS) tasks collected from clinicians of various skill levels at three different clinical teaching hospitals in the United States. Outcomes are evaluated based on their ability to ...