total gastrectomy is one of the most common operative procedures for gastric malignancy, but therecommended method of gastrointestinal reconstruction after gastrectomy is still controversial. significantweight loss has been noted by many observers following gastrectomy. the roux-en-y method is the mostfrequent reconstructive technique performed after gastrectomy. this technique is easy to perfo...

Mechanisms regulating transit of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) from inactive to active states are incompletely described, but require autophosphorylation of tyrosine(s) within a kinase domain 'activation loop'. Here, we employ functional biological assays with mutated TRK receptors to assess a 'switch' model for RTK activation. In this model: (i) ligand binding stimulates activation loop tyr...

Twenty Salmonella Gallinarum strains isolated from poultry were tested for Enterotoxigenicity activity using rabbit and chicken ligated intestine loop technique and the rabbit vascular permeability factor activity test. One ml of cell-free filtrate (CFF) of each isolate was injected into chicken ligated loops and rabbit ligated loops, one ml of whole cell culture(WCC) of each isolate was inject...

Previous work has revealed that the synchronizability of a scale-free network tends to be suppressed when its clustering coefficient is increased. We present a theory to explain this phenomenon. Our proposition is that, as the network becomes more strongly clustered, topological loop structure can emerge, generating a set of eigenvalues that are close to zero. As a result, the dynamics of synch...

The Synechococcus elongatus KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC proteins in the presence of ATP generate a post-translational oscillator that runs in a temperature-compensated manner with a period of 24 h. KaiA dimer stimulates phosphorylation of KaiC hexamer at two sites per subunit, T432 and S431, and KaiB dimers antagonize KaiA action and induce KaiC subunit exchange. Neither the mechanism of KaiA-stimulat...

Loop fusion is a program transformation that merges multiple loops into one. It is eeective for reducing the synchronization overhead of parallel loops and for improving data locality. This paper presents three results for fusion: (1) a new algorithm for fusing a collection of parallel and sequential loops, minimizing parallel loop synchronization while maximizing parallelism; (2) a proof that ...

Loop fusion is a program transformation that merges multiple loops into one. It is eeective for reducing the synchronization overhead of parallel loops and for improving data locality. This paper presents three results for fusion: (1) a new algorithm for fusing a collection of parallel and sequential loops, minimizing parallel loop synchronization while maximizing parallelism; (2) a proof that ...

Eukaryotic gene regulation involves complex patterns of long-range DNA-looping interactions between enhancers and promoters, but how these specific interactions are achieved is poorly understood. Models that posit other DNA loops--that aid or inhibit enhancer-promoter contact--are difficult to test or quantitate rigorously in eukaryotic cells. Here, we use the well-characterized DNA-looping pro...