Abstract Steel sheet pile walls are being widely used in civil engineering projects for support systems. Soil is not uniform in depth, sometimes may be exit loose or soft soil layer in various depth. This issue can cause different effects on ground surface displacements, forces and moments acting on sheet piles and struts during excavation procedure, compared with status that soil is uniform...

In this study 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) interaction with carbon nanocone(NC) and nanocone Sheet (NCS) was evaluated by density functional theory. The calculated thermodynamic parameters including Gibbs free energy changes and Enthalpy alterations showed the interaction of TATB with the both nanostructures are exothermic, spontaneous, experimentally possible ...

a proposed method for protecting carbon steel and hence reducing iron release in an aqueous solution saturated with h2s is presented in this paper. the method is based on forming a stable and resistant sulfide layer (pyrite, fes2, or pyrrhotite, fe(1-x)s, phase or a mixture of both) on the carbon steel surface. the study on the formation of the sulfide layer was carried out considering the effe...

There is an increasing demand for using high sensitive sensors which can detect very low levels of magnetic flux leakage from hidden defects or far-side wall loss due to pitting or local corrosion in ferromagnetic steels. This paper discusses the use of highly sensitive tiny GMR sensors for detection of sub-surface defects in carbon steel plates. Notches located at different depths below surfac...

A transient finite-element model (CON2D) is applied to compute temperature, stress, and distortion of the steel shell during initial solidification. The model incorporates temperaturedependent properties, thermal shrinkage, phase transformations, and different elastic-viscoplastic constitutive equations for each phase (liquid, d, and c). The effects of sudden metal level fluctuations are simula...

A new permeameter has been built and is now available for testing samples of steel and other ferromagnetic materials for their magnetic characteristics such as permeability, remanent induction, coercive force and saturation induction. The present range of operation for the permeameter is from 0.5 Oe to 1250 Oe. Results are presented for two samples of low-carbon steel as well as some preliminar...

An effective way of assessing corrosion in pipelines before serious consequences occur is to use tools that can predict the future of a pipeline through an understanding of its present state and the mechanisms of corrosion. In this work electrochemical methods such as liner and tafel polarization resistance were used to evaluate corrosion. Most metal corrosion occurs via electrochemical reactio...

the use of twb has been developed in automotive industries because of it’s advantages such as reduction in weight, cost and fuel economy of vehicles. the main objective of the peresent work is to study the effects of weld zone, diffrence in surface coating and thickness ratio on the formability of twb composed of aisi 304, spcc and if steel sheets. it was found that the narrow weld zone has lit...

Exposure tests were performed on low alloy steels in high Cl- and high SOx environment, and the structure of the rust were analyzed by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and Raman Spectroscopy. In the exposure test site, the concentrations of Cl- and SOx were found to be high, which caused the corrosion of the steels. The conventional weathering steel (SMA: 0.6% Cr-0.4% Cu-Fe) showed higher...