Vertebral fractures and luxation are a common cause of neurologic injury in cats, most frequently because of road traffic accidents, animal attack and falling from a height. They usually occur at the junction between stable and more mobile areas of the spine. The terminal thoracic region is most affected followed by sacrococcygeal, lumbar and cervical. There is some debate whether conservative ...

Lumbosacral nerve root anomalies are a rare group of congenital anatomical anomalies. Various types of anomalies of the lumbosacral nerve roots have been documented in the available international literature. Generally speaking, these anomalies may consist of a bifid, conjoined structure, of a transverse course or of a characteristic anastomized appearance. Firstly described as an incidental fin...

Most unilateral pedicle stress fractures occur on the contralateral side of patients with unilateral spondylolysis. However, there are few reports of unilateral pedicle stress fractures in patients with bilateral spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. We report a unique case of unilateral pedicle stress fracture in a long-term hemodialysis patient with isthmic spondylolisthesis. A 65-year-old man...

Purpose: Over 170 years ago, traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis or hangman’s fracture was described. Most descriptions of this entity have focused on adult presentations. Methods: We review the literature on pediatric cases of hangman’s fracture emphasizing the embryological as well as presentation aspects. Results: The majority of cervical spine fractures in children occur at C 1 and C 2 ...

BACKGROUND This study was aimed to investigate the clinical outcome of lumbosacral tuberculosis treatment by one-stage radical debridement with bone allograft reconstruction and anterior instrumentation via a retroperitoneal approach. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed a series of 43 patients with lumbosacral tuberculosis in whom the lumbosacral junction was exposed via an anterior midline r...

Progressive spondylolisthesis may occur in adults with isthmic spondylolysis with an estimated incidence of 20%. This biomechanical study showed that in adult spines with bilateral L5 pars fractures, an anterior slip of L5 depends on the extent of the load-bearing deficiency of the disc and the presence of shear force across L5-S1. A combination of disc degeneration and muscle dysfunction may b...

Magnetic resonance neurography is a technique that complements clinical and electrophysiological study of the peripheral nerves and brachial and lumbosacral plexuses. Numerous focal processes (inflammatory, traumatic, primary tumors, secondary tumors) and diffuse processes (diabetic polyneuropathy, chronic idiopathic demyelinating polyneuropathy due to amyloidosis or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease...

The lumbosacral trunk, typically comprised of part of the fourth lumbar ventral rami and the entirety of the fifth lumbar ventral rami, serves as a connection between the lumbar and sacral plexuses. Developmental differences underlie the variable relative contributions of L4 and L5 to the lumbosacral trunk. Herein, we report a rare case in which dissection of an adult male cadaver revealed no L...

BACKGROUND Epidural steroid injection has been frequently performed to treat chronic pain due to lumbosacral disc herniation (L-HIVD). However, a considerable number of patients do not achieve pain relief using this method because perineural or epidural adhesions prevent the spread of injectate into the epidural space. Percutaneous adhesiolysis (PA) is thought to be a useful method because it c...

Degenerative spondylolisthesis is most common at the L4/L5 level and in women. There are several possible reasons for its predilection at this site, but there is no satisfactory explanation for the predominance in women. We considered that pregnancy was a possible influence. We reviewed the records and radiographs of 949 women and 120 men aged 50 years and over who had attended a spinal surgeon...