BACKGROUND Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has emerged as an innovative and popular procedure for the management of postpneumonic empyema in children refractory to a medical response. One-lung ventilation is required during VATS. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of intraoperative wire-guided endobronchial blockade (WEB) for achieving 1-lung ventilation during a thoracoscopic...

Lung injury due to mechanical ventilation is associated with an impairment of endogenous surfactant. It is unknown whether this impairment is a consequence of or an active contributor to the development and progression of lung injury. To investigate this issue, the present study addressed three questions: Do alterations to surfactant precede physiological lung dysfunction during mechanical vent...

One-lung intubation (OLI) is among the most common complications of endotracheal intubation. None of the monitoring tools now available has proved effective for its early detection. In this study we investigated the efficacy of acoustic analysis for the detection of OLI. We collected lung sounds from 11 patients undergoing thoracic surgery requiring the placement of a double-lumen tube. Recordi...

INTRODUCTION Dysregulation of coagulation and local fibrinolysis found in patients with acute lung injury often results in the need for the support of mechanical ventilation. High-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation can increase lung damage and suppression of fibrinolytic activity, but the mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that subcutaneous injections of unfractionated heparin and enoxapa...

Deterioration of gas exchange during one-lung ventilation (OLV) is caused by both total collapse of the nondependent lung and partial collapse of the dependent lung. Alveolar recruitment maneuver improves lung function during general anesthesia. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an indirect relationship between the changes of CO2 expirogram and the selective lung r...

Recent emphasis on energy load delivered during each ventilatory breath has opened a new insight to reduce harmful induced lung injury, but no robust clinical evidence of patient benefit produced yet. Closed loop ventilation is strategy adjust respiratory support using physiological feedback data obtained for cycle support. Dependent the model assumption used, closed aims identify ideal combina...

BACKGROUND Transthoracic oesophagectomy requires prolonged one-lung ventilation causing systemic and local inflammatory responses. Application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to the collapsed lung potentially reduces pulmonary damage, hypoxia, and consequent inflammation. This randomized controlled trial studied the influence of CPAP applied to the collapsed right lung during thor...

Background: Alveolar hypoxia induces monophasic pulmonary vasoconstriction in vivo, biphasic vasoconstriction in the isolated pulmonary artery, and controversial responses in the isolated perfused lung. Pulmonary vascular responses to sustained alveolar hypoxia have not been addressed in the isolated perfused rat lung. In this study, we investigated the effect of sustained hypoxic ventilation o...