High-frequency ventilation is the application of mechanical ventilation with a respiratory rate > 100 breaths/min. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is the form of high-frequency ventilation most widely used in adult critical care. The principles of lung-protective ventilation have matured in parallel with the technology for HFOV. The 2 basic principles of lung-protective ventilatio...

Objectives- Recording intraoperative cardiorespiratory events in thoracoscopic total pericardiectomy via transdiaphragmatic camera port in dog to evaluate feasibility and risks of mechanical stimulation of pherenic nerve during this surgical approach.Design- Technical assessment, experimental study.Animals- Nine healthy, male mixed breed dogs.Procedures- Under one lung ventilation inhalation ge...

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for pediatric patients has gained popularity due to better outcomes than open surgery. For this procedure, one-lung ventilation may be necessary to provide an adequate surgical field. Confirming lung isolation is crucial when one-lung ventilation is required. Recently, we experienced a case in which one-lung ventilation was confirmed by ultrasonography using...

Her technetium-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy (May 21, 2008) revealed marked hypoventilation of the left lung and retention of the radiotracer in the right peri-hilar region, suggestive of a parenchymal process. The use of 99mTC human albumin macroaggregates (99mTC MAA) revealed no perfusion in the left lung and perfusion defects in...

Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECIIs) containing lamellar bodies (LBs) are alveolar epithelial stem cells that have important functions in the repair of lung structure and function after lung injury. The ultrastructural changes in AECIIs after high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with a high lung volume strategy or conventional ventilation were evaluated in a newborn piglet model ...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with lung oedema of non cardiac origin. Its primary treatment is mechanical ventilation. ARDS is under the spotlights with influenza A pandemic flu. An operating definition has been set out by an experts-consensus conference in order to include patients in clinical trials. However, this definition lacks diagnos...

Xe-enhanced computed tomography (CT; Xe-CT) is a method for the noninvasive measurement of regional pulmonary ventilation in intact subjects, determined from the washin and washout rates of the radiodense, nonradioactive gas Xe, as measured in serial CT scans. We used the Xe-CT ventilation method, along with other quantitative CT measurements, to investigate the distribution of regional lung ve...

BACKGROUND General anesthesia usually requires mechanical ventilation, which is traditionally accomplished with constant tidal volumes in volume- or pressure-controlled modes. Experimental studies suggest that the use of variable tidal volumes (variable ventilation) recruits lung tissue, improves pulmonary function and reduces systemic inflammatory response. However, it is currently not known w...

To compare effects of vibratory and mechanical ventilation on fluid balance in the newborn lung, we measured pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, pleural and airway pressures, lung blood flow and lymph flow, and concentrations of protein in lymph and plasma of 19 healthy lambs, 2-4 weeks old, during a 2- to 4-hour period of spontaneous breathing, followed by 4-8 hours of mechanical ven...