This article offers a conceptual framework to understand radical change. It opens with a typology that defines change in terms of its pace and scope, and defines radical change as the swift transformation of an entire system. How radical change in public policy has occurred in the past is then documented. We find examples of radical change by chance, radical change by consensus, radical change ...

Growing up, I believed that academics were shielded from the clutter of everyday life and had the peace to think, discuss, perform the occasional experiment and think somemore. After starting a research lab, however, I discovered there was not much peace in academia. The day was just not long enough to fit everything in, and though a sabbatical leave always lurked at the horizon, there never se...

the effect of different solvent systems on the extraction of antioxidant and anti radical agents of grape seed was studied. for this purpose 6 different solvent systems with similar polarity and different selectivity were used to prepare grape seed extract. extraction efficiency, reducing activity, radical scavenging property and the effect of each extract on the increase of thermal resistance ...

As interest in the study of antioxidant intake from foods and other agricultural products increases, methods for performing radical scavenging activity assays based on the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic method, in which there is no interference from the sample color and turbidity, are required. In this study, we have developed a rapid and simple electron paramagnetic resonance ba...

We report the synthesis of a series of homologous oligoviologens in which different numbers of 4,4'-bipyridinium (BIPY(2+)) subunits are linked by p-xylylene bridges, as a prelude to investigating how their radical cationic forms self-assemble both in solution and in the solid state. The strong radical-radical interactions between the radical cationic forms of the BIPY(2+) units-namely, BIPY(•+...

O câncer de próstata é a segunda neoplasia maligna mais comum no mundo entre os homens e várias técnicas estão disponíveis para realização da prostatectomia. Objetivos: comparar prostatectomia radical laparoscópica transperitoneal comparada à extraperitoneal. Materiais métodos: Trata-se uma revisão integrativa, em que questão norteadora foi “A tem vantagens quando extraperitoneal?”. A busca pel...

A series of 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives were synthesised and tested for their free-radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS·+), superoxide anion radical (O2·-) and nitric oxide radical (·NO) assays. We also studied d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), acetylcholinestera...

Let  be a commutative ring and  be a unitary  module. We define a semi prime sub module of a module and consider various properties of it. Also we define semi-radical of a sub module of a module and give a number of its properties. We define modules which satisfy the semi-radical formula and present the existence of such a module.