At the start of Convention (1969) Lewis says that it is "a platitude that language is ruled by convention" and that he proposes to give us "an analysis of convention in its full generality, including tacit convention not created by agreement." Almost no clause, however, of Lewis's analysis has withstood the barrage of counter examples over the years, and a glance at the big dictionary suggests ...

attention to interesting aspects of natural history. In most of my research projects I try to reserve a little bit of time for taking photographs. Our projects on waterbirds are ideal for combining data collection with a bit of photography — we observe our focal broods from floating, mobile blinds, in wetlands teeming with waterbirds. With a really good blind, it’s like being invisible — we oft...

The Internet design is vulnerable to numerous attacks, including source address spoofing, denial of service flooding, prefix hijacking, and route forgery attacks. Despite much research, this situation does not seem to improve: prefix hijacking or denial of service attacks continue to make headline news [10, 25]. This disheartening fact has prompted researchers to propose a radically different I...

Scientifically sound network studies require the execution of large series of experiments. Researchers usually have to execute experiments manually, a labor-intensive and error-prone task, since there is no automation of the overall experimentation process. This task becomes especially hard on a distributed testbed and the researcher has to deal with additional challenges. In this paper we intr...

and "the simplest and one of the most important innovations", the stethoscope, first described in 1816. Ernest Board's picture of Laennec Listening to the Chest of a Patient shows the physician using a simple wooden tube to auscultate the chest of a man showing probable phthisis and a detail is also used on the dust cover of the book. A number of plates are devoted to hospitals and teaching. Re...

Executable code existed centuries before the invention of the computer in magic, Kabbalah, musical composition and experimental poetry. These practices are often neglected as a historical pretext of contemporary software culture and electronic arts. Above all, they link computations to a vast speculative imagination that encompasses art, language, technology, philosophy and religion. These spec...

We deene general concepts that extend, and simplify, the network calculus developed by Cruz 1, 2, 3] for guaranteed quality of service networks. We introduce a deenition of service curve, the extended service curve, which is the same for isolated queues and for networks of queues, and makes it possible to model nodes that otherwise do not t in the calculus of Cruz. We introduce two key technica...