OBJECTIVE To investigate the struvite precipitation under constant and non-constant pH conditions and to test a stainless steel device under different operating regimes to maximize the recovery of struvite. METHODS The molar ratio of NH4+: Mg2+: PO4(3-) was adjusted to 1: 1.2: 1.2 and pH was elevated to 9.0. The absorbance measurement was used to trace the process of struvite crystallization....

Evidence suggests that Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for use in cancer immunotherapy should have the following characteristics: high viability which is maintained on storage; high ratio of live to dead cells; high proportion of single cells; and low content of soluble antigen. The production of a vaccine with these characteristics was accomplished by use of a deep-culture technique. The...

Palm oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, and marine oil blend, formulated in the mass ratio of 4.0:3.5:1.0:1.5:0.2, was subjected to interesterification catalyzed by lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM) for obtaining a product that contains similar triacylglycerol (TAG) structure to that of human milk fat (HMF). Reactions were carried out in a double jacketed glass ve...

ABSTRACT Saturated salt solutions produce environments with specific relative humidities used in several applications, such as determining water sorption isotherms of foods. However, the preparation saturated requires knowledge solubility data. Thus, objective this work was to determine 14 salts: lithium bromide (LiBr), chloride (LiCl), iodide (LiI), magnesium (MgCl2), sodium (NaI), potassium c...

In this study, effective and easily accessible cheap catalysts that assist converting heavy oil residue to lighter products with high yield are investigated. Hydrocracking experiments were carried out in a 10 ml stainless steel bomb-type reactor up down stirrer at 200 times of reciprocation per minute. The catalyst mixture provided the minimum coke was FeSO4.H2O, binary mixtures FeSO4.H2O metal...

In 2021, the Serbian National Reference Laboratory for Trichinellosis, Institute Application of Nuclear Energy, organized external quality assessment (EQA 2021) detection of Trichinella larvae presence in meat by the magnetic stirrer method (MSM). The aims this study were to examine performance accredited laboratories over time and to compare participants’ performance. EQA 2021 w...

The Bujumbura meteorological station lies at the northern end of the lake (3.32° S, 29.32° E), while the Mbala station is situated 40 km from the southern end (8.85° S, 31.33° E). Both stations are part of the World Meteorological Organisation network. The lake temperature was measured with a CTD12+ instrument (accuracy ±0.01 °C) and an automatic ANDERAA thermistor string installed in the south...

In this survey article we give the basic description of the interpolation based derivative free optimization methods and their variants. We review the recent contributions dealing with the maintaining the geometry of the interpolation set, the management of the trust region radius and the stopping criteria. Derivative free algorithms developed for problems with some structure like for partially...

Abstract The multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and the poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene) (ABS) granulates are dispersed in acetone separately using a magnetic stirrer followed by ultrasonication. Further, both solutions were mixed with stirring Neat-ABS film, 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt% 1 of MWCNT-ABS nanocomposite films average thickness 140 µm fabricated solution molding petri dish, room...

introduction: freezing is one of the ways to extend the shelf life and improve the chemical and microbiological stability of food products. food products are exposed to different processes and the functional properties of the products change during these processing. hydrocolloids are used to stabilize the products undergoing different food processing. however the addition of hydrocolloids to fo...