This paper reviews ecological interactions of birds with Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii). Results from a tree inventory in the Magnolia area during 1994–95 and a literature search are summarized. We surveyed 126 trees and found 2 Northern flicker (Colaptes auratus) cavity nests and 35 cup nests. American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) occupied the cup nests. Madrone is a substrate for nestin...

The main objectives were to study the effect of frequently repeated supragingival plaque removal on the subgingival microbiota and periodontal pocket reduction and to analyze the adjunctive effect of different antimicrobial agents on the treatment of periodontal disease. Subjects with gingivitis or chronic periodontitis were included. The patients in Study I underwent professional supragingival...

Site index is indispensable in the management of plantation forests, including bambang lanang ( Magnolia champaca ) community forest which has long been cultivated as timber-producing trees South Sumatera Province. This research aimed to produce a site model stands developed on small-scale private forests Sumatra. was by phytocentric and geocentric methods respectively using dominant height cha...

Two powdery mildew species have been collected from Iran. For the first time, Erysiphe magnifica on Magnolia sp. was identified from Iran based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Erysiphe corylacearum was collected for the second time in the country and reported for the first time from Guilan province. There are some polymorphisms in ITS-rDNA sequences of...