Abstract The shape of a plasma meniscus is key factor to determine the beam focusing. physics model formation for hydrogen negative ion sources has not been established yet. A backward trajectory calculation based on experimental observation performed in order derive particle information at meniscus. It observed that density spatially nonuniform direction parallel magnets suppression co-extract...

A "multiple beamlet" experiment aimed at investigating the transverse space charge effect was recently conducted at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator. The experiment generated a symmetric pattern of 5 beamlets on the photocathode of the RF gun with the drive laser. We explored the evolution of the thereby produced 5 MeV, space-charge dominated electron beamlets in the 2m drift following the RF ...

A simple approach to producing a 1×N beam splitter is demonstrated by fabricating a volumetric multiplex phase Fresnel zone plate in bulk transparent material. This comprised four layers of zone plates created in borosilicate glass by femtosecond laser direct-writing, each shifted laterally relative to the illumination axis, creating four separate beamlets. Since the power transmitted in each b...

This paper aims to model visualisation support to provide a framework for the comparison, evaluation and improvement of support approaches. It starts from the scope of visualisation support and introduces the factors of in uence. After a discussion of the factors' modelling and a review of known approaches with respect to the information involved, a support model is derived and illustrated by a...

A formula A is said to have the contraction property in a logic L iff whenever A, A,Γ `L B (when Γ is a multiset) also A, Γ `L B. In MLL and in MALL without the additive constants a formula has the contraction property iff it is a theorem. Adding the mix rule does not change this fact. In MALL (with or without mix) and in affine logic A has the contraction property iff either A is provable or A...

Localized WKBJ correction based on Local Cosine Basis (LCB) beamlet propagator is applied in postand pre-stack migration to study its influence on image amplitude. 2D SEG/EAGE salt model is used for demonstration. The results indicate that localized WKBJ correction have some improvement on the image amplitude though not very dramatic for 2D SEG/EAGE salt data with relatively smalloffset acquisi...