this research paper lays stress on philosophies of human desire. all the human being has some psychical need in addition to physical needs. and to satisfy the psychical needs, there is a need for stimulants, more in case of exclusive pedestrian precincts. having exclusively pedestrian precincts/cores in city design draws its inspiration from the fact that public zones, accessible to majority of...

background and objectives: parkinson's disease (pd) is a common neuropathologic disorder that is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of dense part of nigra. oxidative stress has been found in the pathophysiology of pd. since α-pinene has strong anti-oxidant effects, the purpose of this research was to study its effects on movement disorders and memory and lipid peroxidation in p...

background & aim:parkinson's disease (pd) is a kind of disorder in the nervous system, which is characterized with multiple movement disorders. factors such as oxidative stress are the most important causes for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and occurrence of parkinson's disease. thus, medications that have antioxidant functions could be an interestin...

migration and quality of redistribution of population across country is one of the main factors that planners take into account to control population and guide its movements to economic poles. scientific recognition of migration phenomenon is important for managing and policy making in the country. these movements change migration pattern, in a way that along with increase in population and the...

introduction: knee orthosis is used in different cases and can be seen pistoning movement in all orthosis. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing mass knee brace and two kinds of silicon and polyethylene (pe) pad on pistoning movement during walking, on health subject. material and methods: a total of 20 healthy volunteers, including 10 men and 10 women, with an ave...

introduction: transtibial amputation is the most common amputation in lower limbs. volume loss of residual limb occurs during daily use of prostheses, which results in pistoning between residual limb and prosthetic socket. the goal of this study was to design and fabricate a pneumatic suspension system in transtibial supracondylar prostheses and to evaluate its effect on residual limb pistoning...

objectives: the purpose of this study was to compare scapular kinematics during elevation phase of abduction, flexion, and scapular plane elevation phase between fifteen persons with shoulder impingement syndrome (sis) and thirteen persons without it. methods: values of scapular kinematics include scapular superior and lateral translations, upward rotation, external rotation, and posterior tipp...

Background. Wrestling is one of the most popular sports in the world. United World Wrestling have developed “Wrestling+” injury prevention program similar to the FIFA 11+. Objectives. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks “Wrestling+” warm-up program on Functional Movement Screen scores in cadet wrestlers. Methods. The study population included all cadet wrest...

Purpose. The effects of practice were analyzed in the control of fast and accurate spatially constrained movements. Methods. Twenty men (20–26 years old) evenly divided into an experimental and control group were analyzed in three time periods: pre-test, post-test, and retention. Discrete Aiming Task ver. 2.0 software simulated Fitts’ task (1954) and provided kinematic analysis of mouse cursor ...

Purpose. The authors tried to point out the crucial factors determining swimming results in a 2000m front crawl race. Basic procedures. Two groups of subjects: G1 (16.8 ± 0.77 years) and G2 (14.7 ± 0.49 years) of 15 swimmers each took part in two incremental tests for assessing aerobic endurance of arms in arm cranking (V̇O 2max AR) and of legs in cycling (V̇O 2max LG). The applied procedure made...