In humans, masking by harmonic complexes is dependent not only on the frequency content of the masker, but also its phase spectrum. Complexes that have highly modulated temporal waveforms due to the selection of their component phases usually provide less masking than those with flatter temporal envelopes. Moreover, harmonic complexes that are created with negative Schroeder phases (component p...

Identification of target speech was studied under masked conditions consisting of two or four independent speech maskers. In the reference conditions, the maskers were colocated with the target, the masker talkers were the same sex as the target, and the masker speech was intelligible. The comparison conditions, intended to provide release from masking, included different-sex target and masker ...

Psychoacoustic estimates of basilar-membrane compression often compare on- and off-frequency forward masking. Such estimates involve assuming that the recovery from forward masking for a given signal frequency is independent of masker frequency. To test this assumption, thresholds for a brief 4-kHz signal were measured as a function of masker-signal delay. Comparisons were made between on-frequ...

The present experiments evaluated the contribution of orthographic structure and lateral masking in the Pemption of letter, word, and nonword test displays. Performance was tested in a backward recognition masking experiment in which a masking stimulus followed the test display after a variable blank interstimulus interval. In agreement with previous findings across different experiments, wards...

In the context of array processing for speech and audio applications, linear beamforming has long been the approach of choice, for reasons including good performance, robustness and analytical simplicity. Nevertheless, various nonlinear techniques, typically based on the study of auditory scene analysis, have also been of interest. The class of techniques known as time-frequency (T-F) masking, ...

Current noninvasive measurement of subglottal pressure using airflow interruption often produces inconsistent results due to the elicitation of audio-laryngeal reflexes. Auditory feedback could be considered as a means of ensuring measurement accuracy and precision. The purpose of this study was to determine if auditory masking could be used with the airflow interruption system to improve intra...

Masking of quantum information spreads it over nonlocal correlations and hides from the subsystems. It is known that no operation can simultaneously mask all pure states [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 230501 (2018)], so in what sense masking useful? Here, we extend definition to general mixed states, show resource maskable far more abundant than no-go theorem seemingly suggests. Geometrically, lays on ...

objectives: masking ability of a restorative material plays a role in hiding colored substructures; however, the masking ability of zirconia ceramic (zrc) has not yet been clearly understood in zirconia-based restorations. this study evaluated the effect of three different core materials on masking ability of a zrc. materials and methods: ten zirconia disc samples, 0.5mm in thickness and 10mm i...

orally disintegrating tablets (odt) have the advantages of both solid dosage form specially the stability and ease of handling and liquid dosage forms including ease of swallowing and pre-gastric absorption. we focused on taste masking and formulation of ranitidine odt which disintegrates rapidly in the mouth within 60 seconds using super-disintegrants, special polymers, water soluble and even ...

31 32 33 Background 34 Studies of visual backward masking have frequently revealed an elevated masking 35 threshold in schizophrenia. This finding has frequently been interpreted as indicating a low36 level visual deficit. However, more recent models suggest that masking may also involve late 37 and higher-level integrative processes, while leaving intact early “bottom-up” visual 38