The process of combining various parts to create a structure is called building. most effective and significant component any construction masonry. Colosseum, buildings from ancient Greece Rome, Central American buildings, Mycenaean structures all used this material as one their primary building elements. oldest form dry masonry irregularly shaped stones. ecological qualities masonry, restorati...

Approximately 30% of Turkey's population lives in rural areas and they are seated structures, which called unreinforced masonry building (URM). These types buildings consist mudbrick structures with wooden carcasses, masonry-adobe supports, brick briquette supported by reinforced concrete lintels. The construction is easy low cost because the availability materials such as masonry, so it freque...

according to high height and weak tensile strength of materials in minarets, it is necessary to study the structural behaviour of minarets under earthquake loading. therefore nine historical brick masonry minarets in isfahan have been modelled and analysed by applying the nonlinear finite element method for two cases: 1) the whole minaret, and 2) only the outer shell. results show that all mina...

Debris flow is a very destructive natural disaster. This paper presents a novel masonry structure with strong resistance to debris flow—by using walls that are set with braces and filled with straw bricks. This structure was designed according to the concepts of sustainability. In order to study the dynamic response of this novel masonry structure under debris flow, finite element models of dif...