Hydration shells around proteins in solution are on average denser than bulk water. Variations in enthalpy are observed during hydration/dehydration of proteins. To explain consistently those phenomena, a common mechanism-electrostriction-underlying the mechanical and contributing to thermal effects is proposed. The mean mass density of the hydration shell of lysozyme derived from the neutron a...

We explore the feasibility of resurrecting the apparent magnitude-redshift relation for a " standard candle " to measure the cosmological constant and mass density. We show that type Ia supernovae, if measured with 0.15 mag uncertainty out to a redshift of z = 1, may provide a good standard candle or calibrated candle for this purpose. The recent discovery of probable type Ia supernovae in the ...

Bianchi type V I0 bulk viscous massive string cosmological models using the technique given by Letelier (1983) with magnetic field are investigated. To get the deterministic models, we assume that the expansion (θ) in the model is proportional to the shear (σ) and also the fluid obeys the barotropic equation of state. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power func...

Fermion superpartners neutralinos and charginos in the supersymmetric economical 3-3-1 model are studied. By imposition R parity, their masses and eigenstates are derived. Assuming that Bino-like is dark matter, its mass density is calculated. The cosmological dark matter density gives a bound on mass of LSP neutralino in the range of 20 ÷ 100 GeV, while the bound on mass of the lightest slepto...

Negative refraction of elastic waves has been studied and experimentally demonstrated in three- and two-dimensional phononic crystals, but Bragg scattering is impractical for low-frequency wave control because of the need to scale the structures to manageable sizes. Here we present an elastic metamaterial with chiral microstructure made of a single-phase solid material that aims to achieve subw...

Observations show that Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) form a homogeneous class of objects. They share similar spectroscopic evolution, light-curve shapes, and peak absolute magnitudes. The slight departures from homogeneity that are observed can be used to produce a “calibrated candle” with corrected magnitudes with even smaller dispersion. The existence of this intrinsically bright distance indic...

We investigate the generic properties of static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat solutions to the field equations describing gravity minimally coupled to a nonlinear self-gravitating real scalar field. Five corollaries and a theorem on selection criteria for twoand one-parametric solutions are proven and conditions for obtaining particle-like solutions, black holes or naked singulari...

Flowable fill is a self-leveling and self-compacting material that is rapidly gaining acceptance and application in construction, particularly in transportation and utility earthworks. When mixed with concrete sand, standard flowable fill produces a mass density ranging from 1.8 to 2.3 g/cm(3) (115-145 pcf). Scrap tires can be granulated to produce crumb rubber, which has a granular texture and...

We review the current high-significance X-ray detections of Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) filaments at z > 0 along the lines of sight to the two blazars Mrk 421 (z = 0.03) and 1ES 1028+511 (z = 0.361). For these WHIM filaments, we derive ionization corrections and, when possible, metallicity estimates. This allows us to obtain refined estimates of the number density of OVII WHIM systems ...

The initial value problem for the Vlasov-Poisson system is by now well understood in the case of an isolated system where, by definition, the distribution function of the particles as well as the gravitational potential vanish at spatial infinity. Here we start with homogeneous solutions, which have a spatially constant, non-zero mass density and which describe the mass distribution in a Newton...